单选题   SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
    In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
    Passage One
    Young people are moving to cities at a faster rate than the rest of the population, according to a new survey. It also shows the unemployment rate of young people is on the decline.
    The Contemporary China Youth Population Development Studies Report was released last November by the China Teenagers Research Center and China's Population Development Studies Center at Renmin University. The report shows that, although urban birthrates are declining, the percentage of young Chinese living in cities and towns is rising faster than that of the rest of the population. This is the result of migration from the countryside to the cities.
    Lu Yilin, Dean of the Department of Youth Work at Beijing Youth Politics College says the cities can draw on fresh blood for future growth; the youth have a better chance to develop themselves and be in touch with new ideas. However there are also hidden difficulties. According to Lu, the urban youth who don't have a registered permanent residence might find it hard to ensure they are treated as equals alongside those who have.
    The high percentage of young migrants benefits the mutual interaction and communication of different regions, according to Xia Xueluan, a society expert at Beijing University. However, it can cause cultural clashes or conflicts in lifestyles.
    According to the report, the employment rate among people above the age of 16 is 69.7 percent, 4.4 percentage points lower than in 2000.
    Although the employment rate for both men and women has declined, the employment rate for women has declined by a larger margin. 'Due to gender discrimination, women tend to stay in education and get higher degrees, including masters,' says Hou Jiawei, a member of the research team.
    About 8.86 million people aged 16-29 belong to the NEET (Not in Education, Employment or Training) group. Experts say the NEET group can't be simply defined as those who 'feed off the parents'. Xia points out that in most cases people in the NEET group are undergoing a transitional stage in their lives, during which it's fine for them to seek help. Their longer or ultimate aim is always to find a job or study abroad.
    Passage Two
    Concerned about its appeal to sponsors, the women's professional golf tour, which in recent years has been dominated by foreign-born players, has warned its members that they must become conversant in English by 2017 or face suspension.
    'We live in a sports-entertainment environment,' said Libba Galloway,  the deputy commissioner of the tour, the Ladies Professional Golf Association (L.P.G.A.). 'For an athlete to be successful today in the sports entertainment world we live in, they need to be great performers on and off the course, and being able to communicate effectively with sponsors and fans is a big part of this.
    'Being a U.S.-based tour, and with the majority of our fan base, pro-am contestants, sponsors and participants being English speaking, we think it is important for our players to effectively communicate in English.'
    The L.P.G.A. and the other professional golf tours, unlike professional team sports, are dependent on their relationships with corporate sponsors for their financial survival.
    Although Galloway insisted that 'the vast majority' of the 120 international players on the L.P.G.A. circuit already spoke enough English to get by, she declined to say how many did not. There are 26 countries represented on the L.P.G.A. Tour. Republic of Korea, with 45 golfers, has the largest contingent.
    The L.P.G.A.'s new language policy—believed to be the only such policy in a major sport—was first reported by Golfweek magazine on its website on Monday. According to Golfweek, the L. P.G.A. held a meeting with the tour's Republic of Korea players last week before the Safeway Classic, at which the L.P.G.A. commissioner, Carolyn Bivens, outlined the policy. Golfweek reported that many in attendance misunderstood the penalty, believing they would lose their tour cards if they did not meet the language requirement.
    Even so, the magazine reported, many Republic of Korea players interviewed supported the policy, including the Hall of Famer Se Ri Pak. 'We agree we should speak some English,' said Pak, who added that she thought fines seemed a fairer penalty than suspensions. 'We play so good over all. When you win, you should give your speech in English.'
    She added: 'Mostly what comes out is nerves. Totally different language in front of camera. You're excited and not thinking in English.'
    Major League Baseball, which has a high percentage of foreign-born athletes, said it had not seen the need to establish a language guideline. Pat Courtney, a spokesman for M.L.B., said baseball had not considered such a policy because it wanted its players to be comfortable in interviews and wanted to respect their cultures.
    'Given the diverse nature of our sport, we don't require that players speak English,' he said. 'It's all about a comfort level.'
    The National Hockey League, which is based in Canada where English and French are the official languages, also places no such requirements on its players, although several clubs provide players with tutors if they express a desire to learn English.
    The National Basketball Association, which had 76 international players from 31 countries and territories last season, follows a similar approach to the N. H. L.
    'This is not something we have contemplated,' said Maureen Coyle, the N.B.A.'s vice president for basketball communications.
    The only N. B. A. players in recent years to have used an interpreter are China's Yao Ming and Yi Jianlian. Yao, who began playing in the N. B. A. with the Houston Rockets in 2002, no longer needs an interpreter.
    In fairness, comparisons between the L.P.G.A., an independent organization not affiliated(隶属) with the PGA Tour, and other sports bodies are imprecise. The L.P.G.A., much like the PGA Tour, is a group of individual players from diverse backgrounds whose success as an organization depends on its ability to attract sponsorship from companies looking to use the tour for corporate entertainment and advertisement.
    Passage Three
    Two weeks ago, I placed an order on Amazon.com for a book titled Love and Consequences. The memoir's dust jacket promised a story of a young woman, named Margaret B. Jones, who survived Los Angeles gang life—and lived to tell about it.
    Problem is: The telling is a 300-page lie.
    Before the author's older sister notified the publisher that the book was made-up, New York Times book critic Michiko Kakutani wrote glowingly, 'She captures the brutal realities of a place where children learn to sleep on the floor to avoid the random bullets that might come smashing through the windows and walls at night... She conveys the extraordinary stoicism (坚忍，克己) of women like Big Mom, her foster mother, who raised four grandchildren while working a day job and a night job.'
    But in fact, the name Margaret B. Jones was a pseudonym for Margaret Seltzer, a young woman who, according to a subsequent story in the Times, 'grew up with her biological family in the prosperous Sherman Oaks neighborhood of Los Angeles.' In that neighborhood, bullets don't often tear into walls, and morns don't often have to work two jobs to keep food on the table.
    Seltzer, 33 and now living in Oregon, reportedly got her inspiration for the book after working with LA organizations to fight gang violence. 'I'm not saying, like, I did it right,' Seltzer said. 'I did not do it right... Maybe it's an ego thing—I don't know. I just felt that there was good that I could do and there was no other way that someone would listen to it.'
    This fabrication is just one of several that have recently managed to hit the bookshelves before publishers realize that they have been duped. At the beginning of March, a Holocaust(大屠杀) memoir, Misha: A Memoire of the Holocaust Years by Misha Defonseca, was exposed as a fake. Two years ago, a popular memoir about a man's recovery from drug addiction, A Million Little Pieces by James Frey, was also famously discredited.
    Besides embarrassing the publishers and, no doubt, ruining the reputation of the writers, such books also pose problems (though much smaller in scale) to those of us who have bought and/or read them. After all, memoirs are supposed to carry an extra amount of authority. When readers pick them up, they expect to enter a reality as seen by someone who has participated in it. Readers believe the conversations, characters and experiences—along with the emotions they invoke—to be genuine (if sometimes a bit embellished).
    So when that lie finally arrives in the mail, will I be able to read it? I doubt it. The book will probably end up getting an undeserved slot on my bookshelf, and I'll probably never crack it open.
    After all, while reading about gunfire in the streets and morns raising kids in fatherless homes, I'd be unable to get this image of a younger Seltzer out of my mind: Instead of ducking her head when bullets pound her living room wall, she's sleeping soundly in a bed covered with pillows. Instead of being cared for by a tired woman working two jobs, she's the daughter of two successful professionals, and a loyal viewer of a popular crime drama on TV.
    Passage Four
    Ever since Jing Youliang graduated from Wuhan University in 2003, he's been on the move. In the past four years, the 26-year-old has worked in Guangzhou, Wuhan and now Beijing.
    Each of those moves gave Jing a headache—not because of all the packing, but because of the bureaucracy surrounding social security, which includes medical care, pension and unemployment.
    Moving to another place in China means a lot more than leaving old friends and making new ones. It also requires leaping over hurdles that, if ignored, could jeopardize one's future benefits.
    'Every time I settle down in a new city, I have to set up a new social security account,' explained Jing, a real estate agent. 'When I want to leave, I have to transfer my accumulated payments to an account in Chongqing, or it may hurt my benefits in the future.'
    According to the National Bureau of Statistics in 2006, about 147 million Chinese were part of the 'floating population'. About 52 million of them, or 35 percent, were young people aged 14 to 29.
    Such movement, however necessary for young people trying to settle into a career, can create problems that last long into the future. Social security funds are collected at the city and county level. Because of this, moving from one place to another means that wage-earners can lose some or all of their required investment.
    Under the current system, people cannot carry their whole social security funds with them during a move. Payments made by their former employer into the fund are surrendered to the local government. In most cases, those paid by wage-earners may only be transferred to the city on their residence permit, or hukou.
    Zheng Bingwen, a pension fund expert at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), blames this bureaucracy on local government protectionism. In China, around 2,200 units at county and city level collect and manage the social security funds of local citizens.
    'Cities don't want newcomers. Usually, they can't take the portion paid by their former employers. It is much larger than the amount individuals pay to the accounts. This means their arrival won't help much in expanding the city's fund, but there will be more to share it,' said Zheng.
    Local governments gained control over social security in the 1980s, when the system was first established. 'The central government didn't have the money to take on the financial burden of providing pension and medical care for the people,' explained Zheng. So the local governments were requested to do it and they began to manage the fund, said Zheng.
    Last week, however, the central government took steps to begin fixing this problem. It aims to move control of the funds from the city and county levels to the provincial level. The move would combine those 2,200 separate funds into fewer, more centralized funds.
    However, as Zheng Gongcheng, professor of social security at Renmin University of China, explained, this reform has its own problems: 'In Guangdong, for example, Guangzhou residents pay 8 percent of their personal wages towards social security. But in poor cities like Shaoguan, wage-earners pay only 6 percent,' said Zheng. 'The provincial government has to consider the difference and find a way around it.'

单选题     The percentage of young people living in cities is increasing because ______.(Passage One)

单选题     The NEET group primarily refers to ______.(Passage One)

单选题     Which of the following is TRUE?(Passage One)

单选题     The L.P.G.A.'s new language policy mainly aims at ______.(Passage Two)

单选题     L.P.G.A. held a meeting with the tour's Republic of Korea players because Republic of Korea players ______.(Passage Two)

单选题     From this passage we can infer that ______.(Passage Two)

单选题     Which of the following statements is NOT true?(Passage Three)

单选题     The author of this article ______.(Passage Three)

单选题     'It also requires leaping over hurdles that, if ignored, could jeopardize one's future benefits' implicates that ______.(Passage Four)

单选题     According to Zheng Bingwen, which of the phenomena doesn't reflect local government protectionism?(Passage Four)

单选题     SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
    In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
    What are the hidden difficulties when the youth move into a new city?(Passage One)

单选题     Does the National Hockey League require English?(Passage Two)

单选题     What are memoirs supposed to do after all?(Passage Three)

单选题     Why do those moves give Jing a headache?(Passage Four)

单选题     Why does Zheng Bingwen think that cities don't like newcomers?(Passage Four)