单选题 Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby"s life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother"s back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the "proper place to focus one"s gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one"s conversation partner".
The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined: speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker reestablishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses: there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses.
单选题 The author is convinced that the eyes are ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 细节事实题。原文首段首句中的intensely important与选项A中的extreme importance对应；原文中的interpersonal communication与选项A中的expressing feelings and exchanging ideas同义，即眼睛在人际交往中起着十分重要的作用，这是无可争辩的事实。故答案为A。
单选题 Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节事实题。根据题干关键词smile定位到原文首段第二、三和四句。A、B、D中所提到的几种人都可能逗婴儿笑。C项内容与第四句后半句will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile(脸侧对着孩子的人不会引起婴儿发笑)相符。故答案为C。
单选题 According to the passage, the Japanese fix their gaze on their conversation partner"s neck because ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 细节事实题。根据题干关键词Japanese，partner"s neck与原文首段尾句中的Japan，on the neck of one"s conversation partner对应，据此定位。其原因在上一句。原文中的not acquire as much...as与选项D中的didn"t have much opportunity对应；attachment to eyes与选项D中的opportunity to communicate through eye对应；babies与选项D中的babyhood对应。故答案为D。
单选题 According to the passage, a conversation between two Americans may break down due to ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节推理题。原文尾段第三句提到：当讲话人恢复与你的目光接触时，听话人一定要看着讲话人，否则人家会以为你对讲话不感兴趣而终止讲话，或者等到恢复目光接触后再讲下去。故答案为C。
单选题 To keep a conversation flowing smoothly, it is better for the participants ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。根据题干关键词conversation flowing smoothly与原文尾段尾句中的maintenance of conversational flow对应，据此定位。原文中的wearing dark glasses与选项A中的wear dark spectacles对应，接着提到戴墨镜会带来的问题，所以最好不要带。故答案为A。