单选题 If you like to take lots of vacation, the United States is not the place to work. Besides a handful of national holidays, the typical Armenian worker gets two or three precious weeks off out of a whole year to relax and see the world—much less than what people in many other countries receive. And even that amount of vacation often comes with strings attached.
So what"s going on here?
A big reason for the difference is that paid time off is demanded by law in many parts of the world. Germany is among more than two dozen industrialized countries—from Australia to Japan—that require employers to offer four weeks or more of paid vacation to their workers, according to a 2009 study by the human resources consulting company Mercer. Finland, Brazil and France are the champions, guaranteeing six weeks of time off. But employers in the United States are not obliged under federal law to offer any paid vacation, so about a quarter of all American workers don"t have access to it, government figures show. That makes the U.S. the only advanced nation in the world that doesn"t guarantee its workers annual leave.
Most U.S. companies, of course, do provide vacation as a way to attract and retain workers. But the fear of layoffs and the ever-faster pace of work mean many Americans are reluctant to be absent from the office—anxious that they might look like they"re not committed to their job. Or they worry they won"t be able to cope with a pile of work waiting for them after a vacation.
Then, there"s the way we work.
Working more makes Americans happier than Europeans, according to a study published recently in the Journal of Happiness Studies. That may be because Americans believe more than Europeans do that hard work is associated with success.
So despite research documenting the health and productivity benefits of taking time off, a long vacation can be undesirable, scary, unrealistic or just plain impossible for many U.S. workers.
单选题 According to the passage, the United States is a nation ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。通过首段可知:如果你想有较长的假日,美国可不是一个好的工作场所。美国除了有国家假日之外,一年里有2~3个星期的假日用来休闲,游览世界。而这比很多国家的假日要少。故本题选B。
单选题 The phrase "with strings attached" (Para. 1) probably means "______".
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 语义题。这个短语出现在首段的末尾。根据该段的语义走向可知,该段一直在讲美国的假期比起别的很多国家不仅时间短,而且(and)甚至是在这些短假期里,还都得“with strings attached”,即还得“充满各式各样的条件”,也就是还不能自由自在地休假。故本题选A。
单选题 Which of the following countries offers the longest annual leave to its workers?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。通过国家名称可定位到第三段:芬兰、巴西、法国在2009年各个国家带薪假期调查中拔得头筹。故本题选C。
单选题 Many Americans are hesitant to take a vacation because they ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。从文章的第四段“But the fear of layoffs and the ever-faster pace of work mean many Americans are reluctant to be absent from the office”可知,很多美国员工对layoff(下岗)的担心和史无前例的工作快节奏使得他们不愿意脱离工作岗位。故本题选A。
单选题 According to the author, Americans" chance of taking a long vacation is ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。通过文章最后几个自然段可知,美国人担心度长假后会失业,或者无法处理一大堆堆积的工作而不愿意度长假。因此本题选B(美国人度长假的概率很小)。