单选题
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
By almost every measure, Paul Pfingst is an unsentimental prosecutor. Last week the San Diego County district attorney said he fully intends to try{{U}} (1) {{/U}}Charles Andrew Williams, 15, as an adult{{U}} (2) {{/U}}the Santana High School shootings. Even before the{{U}} (3) {{/U}} Pfingst had stood behind the controversial California law that{{U}} (4) {{/U}}treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults.
So nobody would have wagered that Pfingst would also be the first D. A. ( district attorney) in the U. S. to{{U}} (5) {{/U}} his very own Innocence Project. Yet last June, Pfingst told his attorneys to go back over old murder and rape{{U}} (6) {{/U}}and see ff any unravel with newly developed DNA-testing tools. In other words, he wanted to revisit past victories—this time playing for the other team. "I think people misunderstand being conservative{{U}} (7) {{/U}}being biased," says Pfingst. "I consider myself a pragmatic guy, and I have no interest in putting{{U}} (8) {{/U}}people in jail."
Around the U. S. , flabbergasted defense attorneys and their jailed clients cheered his move. Among prosecutors,{{U}} (9) {{/U}}, there was an awkward pause.{{U}} (10) {{/U}}, each DNA test costs as much as $ 5,000. Then there's the{{U}} (11) {{/U}}risk: if dozens of innocents (12 , the D.A. will have indicted his shop.
{{U}} (13) {{/U}}nine months later, no budgets have been busted or prosecutors ousted. Only the rare case merits review. Pfingst's team considers convictions before 1993, when the city started{{U}} (14) {{/U}}DNA testing. They discard cases if the defendant has been released. Of the 560{{U}} (15) {{/U}}files, they have re-examined 200, looking for cases with biological evidence and defendants who still{{U}} (16) {{/U}}innocence.
They have identified three so far. The most compelling involves a man{{U}} (17) {{/U}}12 years for molesting a girl who was playing in his apartment. But others were there at the time. Police found a small drop of saliva on the{{U}} (18) {{/U}}shirt—too small a{{U}} (19) {{/U}}to test in 1991. Today that spot could free a man. Test results are due any day.{{U}} (20) {{/U}}by San Diego, 10 other counties in the U.S. are starting DNA audits.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 语篇连贯。根据本段的最后一句,我们不难看出Charles Andrew Williams是suspect(嫌疑犯),因此该空是下文的重现。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 介词辨析。Charles Andrew Williams因为桑塔纳高中枪击案而受到审判,因此 for符合题意。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解题思路] 名词辨析。桑塔纳高中枪击案造成多名学生的伤亡,是一场悲剧,tragedy符合题意。incident意为“事件”,尤指小事;comedy意为“喜剧”;accident意为“事故”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析。requires意为“要求”;recommends意为“推荐”;mandates指强制性的规定和要求;enforces意为“实施,执行”。文章此处描述加利福尼亚州的一项有争议的法规,mandate符合题意。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析。launch意为“发起,发射”;rationalize意为“使合理化”;motivate意为“激发,激励”;dedicate意为“奉献,致力于”。此处指计划或者项目的发起,launch为最佳选择。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 名词辨析。conclusions意为“结论”;convictions意为“定罪,判刑”;accusations意为“控告,控诉”;justifications意为“(做某事的)正当理由”。根据文章,去年六月, Pfingst告诉手下的律师重审过去的谋杀罪和强奸罪,看是否有能用最新发展的DNA检验工具解决的案件,因此conviction符合题意。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 固定搭配。动词misunderstand和介词for构成搭配,意为“把……误解为……”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解题思路] guilty意为“有罪的”;suspicious意为“怀疑的”;innocent意为“无罪的,清白的”;evil意为“邪恶的”。根据文章,Pfingst无意于把无辜的人送进监狱,因此[C]为最佳选择。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 语篇连贯。根据语篇,此处为转折关系,应该选however,这两句意为:在美国,颇感吃惊的辩护律师及其被收监的当事人为他的举动感到振奋。然而,在检察官当中却出现了令人尴尬的沉默。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 语篇连贯。根据下文,每一次DNA检测的费用都高达5 000美元,after all(毕竟)可以表达这种让步关系。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 形容词辨析。potential意为“有潜力的,可能的,潜在的”;transparent意为“透明的”;intentional意为“有意的,故意的”;considerate意为“体贴的,照顾其他人的”。根据文章,Pfingst和他的律师重审过去的谋杀罪和强奸罪,这其中存在内在的风险——如果出现了很多无辜者,那么地方法院检察官将对其所属机构予以谴责,因此[A]符合题意。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 词组辨析。turn down意为“减小(音量等),拒绝”;turn up意为“提高(音量等),出现”;turn on意为“打开”;turn off意为“关上”。此处指出现了很多无辜者,turn up符合题意。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 语篇连贯。根据上下文,该句和上一段发生了转折,but符合要求;虽然however也表达转折,但是形式上不符合要求,因为however和后面的句子之间要有逗号。该句意为:但是,九个月以后,并没有出现资金短缺或检察官被罢免的情况。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解题思路] traditional意为“传统的”;random意为“随机的”;routine意为“常规的,例行的”;customary意为“习惯的”。文章此处指1993年美国城市开始实行常规DNA检测,routine符合题意。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解题思路] available意为“可以得到的”;accessible意为“可以进入的,允许进入的”; recognizable意为“可以辨认的”;remaining意为“剩余的,现存的”。根据上文,他们对于被告已被释放的案例不予考虑,他们研究的是剩余的案例,因此[D]为最佳选项。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析。claim意为“宣称,要求,索赔”;declare意为“宣布,公布”;inquire意为“质询,询问”;proclaim尤指官方正式的宣布。根据文章,在他们研究的案例中,有些被告人仍声明无罪,因此[A]符合题意。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词搭配辨析。根据文章,案件的当事人因为骚扰在他的公寓玩耍的女孩而服刑了12年,“服刑”的英语表达是serve。observing意为“观察”;sentencing意为“判刑”;inhabiting意为“居住”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 名词辨析。此处指警方在受害人的衬衣上发现了一小滴唾液,[A]是正确答案。defendant指被告,client指当事人,prosecutor指检察官。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解题思路] 名词辨析。此处指唾液的样本,应该选择sample;example意为“例子”;therapy意为“治疗方法”;recipe意为“食谱,烹饪法”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析。seduce意为“引诱”,通常为贬义;motivate意为“激发”;stimulate意为“刺激”;inspire意为“启发,激励”。根据文章,受圣地亚哥的影响和启发,美国又有10个县要开始DNA审查了,[D]符合题意。