单选题 One of the most important periods in Greed history was the Hellenistic Age which began after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. , and lasted almost 200 years. It was during this time in history that Greek ideas and Greek culture spread to Egypt and throughout the Near East. A Greek state even existed as far west as India. During the Hellenistic Age, there were great advances in such areas as philosophy, science, religion, art and social justice. Important discoveries were made in the sciences. Eratosthenes, for instance, made an accurate calculation of the diameter of the earth, while Aristarchus declared that the earth was round. Social reformers attempted to abolish debt and institute a program of land redistribution among the poor but met with little success. Women achieved a better social standing and among the middle class education became widespread. Peace of mind was the great concern of the philosophers of the Hellenistic Age. The Stoics insisted that happiness could be achieved when man learned to accept the events which were beyond his control and, at the same time, did his duty. The Epicureans espoused the idea that moderation in pleasure and the avoidance of pain produced the desired result. The Cynics turned away from all desires and pleasures, and advocated a pursuit of virtue. In religion, many Greeks turned to the worship of such Egyptian gods as Serapis and Isis. During the Hellenistic Age, the area of Greek influence included such political powers as the Ptolemies of Egypt, the Seleucids of Syria, the Antigonids of Macedon and the Attalids of Pergamum, and it was their fighting against each other and among themselves that paved the way for the aggressive Romans to conquer Greece and most of the Hellenistic world in the 100's B. C. The Romans brought the Hellenistic Age to a close when they conquered the last major power, Egypt, in 30 B. C.
单选题 What part did Alexander the Great play in the flowering of Greek culture during the Hellenistic Age?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:细节题。通过Alexander the Great定位到第一段可知,希腊化时代是亚历山大大帝去世后开始的,文中并未描述他与该时代的关系。因此本题答案为D。
单选题 Which statement about the Hellenistic Age is not correct?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:细节判断题。从第二段的最后两句话得知,土地的再分配不成功,消除债务的社会革命也无功夭折,女性获得了更好的社会地位,教育也在中层阶级中扩展开来,A、B、D选项符合文意。教育并未从中层向下层传播,故本题正确答案为C。
单选题 According to the passage, which statement is most likely?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:推理题。从第二段的第二句可知,Stoic坚持快乐来自于安于接受超出自己控制范围的事件,同时履行自己的义务。B选项(Stoic尽力履行别人对他的期望值)是原文的近义改写。
单选题 The Roman conquest of the Hellenistic world was helped greatly by the______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:细节题。用Roman conquest回到原文定位到最后一段倒数第二句可知,正是希腊内部各城邦之间的战争为罗马人的征服铺平了道路。因此本题正确答案为A。
单选题 The word "espouse" in the third paragraph of this passage probably means______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:词汇题。第三段中讲到Epicureans espoused the idea…,根据上下文可知,该段落的主旨是各种流派对不同观点的支持。这里选择support。Espouse的本意是“联姻”,这里使用的是引申义。