Many countries face a somewhat more serious economic problems in the form of an unfavorable trade balance (贸易逆差) with other nations. Such an imbalance exists when the total value of a country's imports exceeds that of its exports. For example, if a country buys $ 250 billion of products from other countries, yet sells only $ 100 billion of its own products overseas, its trade deficit is $ 150 billion. Many underdeveloped nations find themselves in this position because they lack natural resources or the industrial capacity to use these resources, and thus have to import raw materials or manufactured goods. One effect of a trade deficit is the flow of currency (货币) out of a country. In the case of an underdeveloped nation, this can cause many financial difficulties, including failure to meet debt payments and obstacles to creation of an industrial base. Even in the case of a fully developed nation such as the United States, a large trade deficit is reason for alarm. American products, made by well-paid workers in US industries, cost more to produce than those made in places like Asia, where labor and material costs are much lower. Money spent on foreign products is money not spent on items produced by domestic industries.
单选题 What is the passage mainly about?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:题干意为“这篇文章主要是关于什么的?”文章的第一段阐述了引起贸易逆差的因素,第二段阐述了贸易逆差产生的后果,故选B。
单选题 According to the passage, when does a trade imbalance occur?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:题干意为“根据文章,何时会出现贸易不平衡?”从文中第一段第二句“Such an imbalance exists when the total value of a country’s imports exceeds that of its exports”可知,正确答案是C。
单选题 The word "deficit" (Line 4, Para. 1) would be best replaced by which of the following?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:题干意为“第一段第四行中的单词deficit能被下面哪个单词代替?”通过上下文可以判断出它是shortage“短缺,缺少”的意思,故选A。
单选题 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible cause of a trade imbalance?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:题干意为“下列哪个选项不是文中提到的可能引起贸易不平衡的原因?”A,B,C项内容分别在第一段最后一句,第二段第二句和最后部分都提到了,故选D。
单选题 It can be inferred from the passage that American industries______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:题干意为“我们从文中可以推理出美国工业受到了什么影响?”从文章的第一句和第二段第四句可以推出B是正确答案,故选B。