单选题 {{B}}Passage Three{{/B}}
In her international bestselling Talk to the Hand, author Lynne Truss argues that common courtesies such as saying "Excuse me" are practically extinct. There are certainly plenty who would agree with her.
Is it really true? We decided to find out by experiments. In dozens of American cities, our reporters performed two experiments: "door tests" (would anyone hold one open for them?); and "document drops" (who would help them retrieve a pile of "accidentally" dropped papers?). Along the way, the reporters encountered all types; men and women of different races, ages, professions, and income levels.
While 90 percent of the people passed the door test, only 55 percent passed the document drop. Are people less likely to help others when doing so takes extra effort or time? Not always, the reporters found. Take the pregnant woman who thought nothing of bending down to help us with our papers. Or the woman named Liz who balanced two coffees, her keys and her wallet on a takeout tray with one hand, while picking up papers off the wet pavement with the other, her reason for helping? "I was there," she said.
Overall, men were the most willing to help, especially when it came to document drops. In those, men offered aid 63 percent of the time, compared to 47 percent among women. Of course, men weren't entirely democratic about whom they'd help. All of them held the door for the female reporter, and were more than twice as likely to help her pick up fallen papers than they were to help our male reporter.
By far, the most common reason people cited for being willing to go out of their way to help others was their upbringing. "It's the way I was raised," said one young woman who held a door open despite struggling with her umbrella on a rainy day in Brooklyn.
We realize this isn't a rigorous scientific study, but we believe it is a reasonable real-world test of good manners around the globe. And it's comforting to know that in a place where millions of people push one another each day to get ahead, they're able to do it with a smile. Hey, if they can make nice here, they can make nice anywhere.
单选题 Which of the following is the best word to describe the experiments?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】第二段中说：Is it really true? We decided to find out by experiments．意为：真的是这样吗?我们可以从试验中得出结论。由此可知作者对实验的态度，故选D。
单选题 The examples of the pregnant woman and Liz are used to show that some people ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】第三段第二句指出：Are people less likely to help others when doing so takes extra effort or time? Not always．意为：当需要花费额外的时间和力气才能帮助别人的时候，是不是人们就不可能实施帮助了呢?不总是这样的。由此可知作者认为人们即使认识到有麻烦，也会帮助别人。故选A。
单选题 According to the experiments, ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】第四段中明确指出：Overall，men were the most willing to help意为：总体上，男性更愿意提供帮助。其他选项均为干扰项。
单选题 Helping others is a behavior that is largely influenced by ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】第五段说：By far，the most common reason people cited for being willing to go out of their way to help others was their upbringing．意为：显然，实验中的人们愿意放下手中的事情特地去帮助别人的最普通的原因就是他们的教养。作者明确提出了原因是什么，故选B。
单选题 The results of the experiments have shown that common courtesies ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】最后一段中指出：We realize this isn't a rigorous scientific study，but we believe it is a reasonable real-world test of good manners around the globe．意为：我们可以看出，这不是一个缜密的科学实验，但是我们认为，这是一个测试礼貌就在我们周围的一个合理的真实的实验。由此可知作者的态度，故选A。