单选题 · You will hear part of a conversation between a management
consultant and a Training Manager of Anderson，a chain supermarket，who are
talking about the importance of case studies for staff train-ing．
· For each question 23-30，mark one letter A，B or C for the correct answer.
· You will hear the recording twice．
单选题
What is said about the problem the Anderson Company is facing? A．To retain the ownership of the various chain shops． B．To improve the efficiency among various chain shops． C．To ensure more flexibility of the various chain shops．
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[听力原文]23-30
F：Good morning，nice to meet you．Please take a seat．
M：Thank you．
F：So，you're the Training Manager of Anderson，am I right?Give me some background of the company—so I get a general picture．
M：Joseph Anderson founded the company nearly twenty years ago，and he ran it for a long time．Our businesses had been doing fine，but now with the intense competition in the field，we are actually going downwards．The biggest problem now is to improve the efficiency among various chain shops，I mean，retaining our control without affecting each store's autonomy。Mr．Anderson intends to organize a training programme for all the shop owners．so here I am．
F：What kind of training programme do you intend to have?
M：I was thinking of something like communication strategies，ways to improve your efficiency，etc．An-yway，there should be no worries about the training resources，as we do have plenty of them．But then I wonder about the appropriate method for the delivery．
F：In this case，I would recommend the‘case study’，which I thought wouldn’t be an unfamiliar term to you，right?
M：Yes，I know，but not so much．Could you tell me more in detail?
F：OK．Case studies are particularly useful in depicting a holistic portrayal of a client's experiences and results regarding a programme．For example，to evaluate the effectiveness of a programme's processes，evaluators might develop case studies on its successes and failures．They are used to organizing a wide range of information about a case and then analyzing the contents．A case can be individuals，programmes，or any unit，depending on what the programme evaluators want to examine through indepth analysis and comparison．
M：I see，it sounds very applicable．But how could we develop a case study that is tailored to our company's needs?
F：OK，there're normally five steps．I'll go through them one by one．
M：All right，please go ahead．
F：The first step is about the data collection．You must make sure that all necessary data is gathered-first-hand would be preferred，but second-hand is also OK。For example，if the study is to highlight a programme's failure with a client，data would be collected about the programme，its processes and the client．Data could result from a combination of methods，including documentation(applications，histories，records，etc．)，questionnaires，interviews and observation．
M：Yes．
F：And then the data is organized into an approach to highlight the focus of the study．In our example，data in the case would be organized in a chronological order to portray how the client got into the pro-gramme，went through it and did not receive effective services．
M：So that should be the second step．What's next?
F：You're right．The third step concerns the development of a case study narrative．The narrative is a highly readable story that integrates and summarizes key information around the focus of the case study．The narrative should be complete to the extent that even an outside reader could understand what happened regarding the case．
M：Ok，please go on．
F：The narrative might be then validated by reviews from programme participants．For example，the cli-ent for whom the programme failed，would read the narrative to ensure it fully depicted his or her ex-perience and results．
M：Indeed，and I guess that’s step four?
F：Exactly．Then comes our final step in the case study．The case studies might be cross-compared to isolate any themes or pattems．For example，various case studies about programme failures might be compared to notice commonalities in these clients'experiences and how they went through the programme．
M：OK，that's a very detailed illustration of the case study method．I wonder if you have any real life examples?
F：Sure．Here is a sample of a case study report．The evaluation includes focus on the programme's process，outcomes and facilitation．You could take it away for reference．
M：Thank you very much．But is there any other material that could be used?
F：Yes，there are some more templates down there in our archive．I don't think you could borrow the o-riginal copies but it's OK if you make some photocopies．There are also more reference materials on-line．You could google the relevant documents．
M：Thanks very much for the advice．
F：My pleasure．Now，are there any other details that you’d like to know…(voice fades away)
Anderson公司的培训经理在简单寒暄之后便向咨询师描述了公司目前的困境，即由于业内竞争日趋激烈，公司的业绩出现下滑，而老板希望找到提高工作效率的最佳办法。他在对话中直接点明了公司的问题，原话为“The biggest problem now is to improve the efficiency among vai40us chain shops，”在备选答案中，A项是较为明显的干扰项，可以首先排除；而C项的内容在材料中虽有提及(如retaining our control with-out affecting each store's autonomy)，但并非重点，因此也可以排除。
单选题
What is said about the training programme for the Anderson Company? A．The training programme should be focusing on increasing the sales volume. B．The training programme will be given to all sales managers in the chain shops. C．There are plenty of training resources but lack of suitable delivery method．
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】
单选题
The consultant recommended‘case study’because case studies can A．give a general picture of a client's experiences and results． B．be the most cost-efficient method in dealing with the details in management． C．be the most helpful for solving problems in communication strategies．
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】本题考查的是咨询师推荐“案例分析”作为培训方式的原因，其实就是在问这种培训方式的优越 性或者优点。三个选项都符合这个要求，这就要求我们仔细分析，找到最根本的原因。选项B和C都没有直接表达出来，而是在后面的材料中可以由听者推断出来，而且也只是用作证明case study有效性的例证，缺乏一定的概括性。只有选项A比较全面概括地描述了case study的优越性，即“particularly useful in depicting a holistic portrayal”，能够比较完整而全面地让客户完成针对某个项目的体验，因此选择A。
单选题
The collection of data in case studies should include the following EXCEPT A．all the necessary data that could be collected． B．various types of documentation，questionnaires，interviews and observation． C．every piece of first hand data you could collect．
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】本题是个反向选择题，请注意题干中出现的“EXCEPT”，一般都会以大写字母出现，以引起考生的注意。在材料中，关于可以收集的用作案例分析的数据，只要做好笔记，应该不难回答。原文提到了“You must make sure that all necessary data is gathered…”，接下来对此进行解释，不论一手还是二手，不论以何种形式存在(文件、录音)，不论是如何采集的都可以。而选项C则限定了数据仅为一手材料，因此错误。
单选题
What is the recommended order of organizing your data? A．A chronological order． B．A theme order． C．An event order．
单选题
Which of the following is NOT true about the narratives in case studies? A．The narrative is a story that integrates and summarizes key information around the focus of the case study． B．The narrative should be complete．but it doesn't really matter if an outside reader fails to un-derstand what happened regarding the case。 C．The narrative could be validated by reviews from programme participants．
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】本题也是反向选择题，题干中出现了“NOT”，考查的是考生对于案例分析中的叙述部分。在材料中，提到了叙述部分可以被看做是个完整的故事，因此可以排除A项；也谈到了在完成后可以参考参加者的意见或者建议，故排除选项C；至于选项B，材料中是这样表达的“…even an outside reader could understand what happened regarding the case．”也就是说，叙述必须通俗易懂，让外行也能明白，恰好与选项B的表达相反，因此选择B。
单选题
What is the final step in developing a successful case study? A．The case studies might be used to highlight where in the programme the process needs to be strengthened． B．The case studies might be cross—compared to isolate any themes or patterns． C．The case studies might be summarized for the inference of some generally applicable rules．
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】本题要关注一个重点提示词“final”，问的是在完成案例分析时的最后一个步骤。如果在听音时做好笔记，这个问题很容易回答；这也提醒考生在听取材料时一定要注意出现的连接词，并且按照连接词的顺序记下相关论点或者观点。在材料中有这样的话“The case studies might be cross-compared to isolate any themes or patterns．”由此判断选项B正确。
单选题
The Training Manager could get the reference material EXCEPT A．borrowing directly from the consultancy company'a archive． B．taking away the sample the consultant offered． C．googling online for relevant materials．