单选题Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory, to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees' errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum(最佳的)distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, football's international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA's insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.
单选题
The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ______. A. analyse the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup B. analyse the causes of errors made by football referees C. set a standard for football refereeing D. reexamine the rules for football refereeing
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 通读全篇可知，研究者在实验中分析出了裁判出错的原因。
单选题
The number of refereeing errors in the experimental match was ______. A. slightly above average C. quite unexpected B. higher than in the 1998 World Cup D. as high as in a standard match
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 见第三段中词remarkably可知本题答案。remarkably：显著地。
单选题
What does the findings of the experiment imply? A. Errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball B. The farther the referee is from the incident, the more the errors C. The more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur D. Errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 参见第四段的这个句子“Surprisingly，he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident．”可知，裁判离球越近越容易出错。
单选题
The word "officials" (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to ______. A. the inspectors of the football tournament B. the researchers involved in the experiment C. the referees of the football tournament D. the observers at the site of the experiment
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] official此处指足球锦标赛的裁判。
单选题
It can be concluded from the experiment that ______. A. the ideal retirement age for all experienced football referee is 45 B. age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee C. a football referee should be as young and energetic as possible D. an experienced football referee call do well even when in poor physical condition