单选题 The influence of climate on behavior appears all-pervasive.Indeed,who can claim thatweather factors have no influence on their decision-making? Everyone can point to instances whereDlans and activities have been changed because of weather conditions.People’s moods alsochange with the weather:bright sunny days seem to lift spirits,while dark rainy periods bring alldepression.Law enforcement agencies are beginning to show interest in the effect of atmosphericconditions on behavior.Every year,the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports provide breakdowns of thecrime rates by month and season of the year.Both monthly and seasonal variations are consideredto reflect the varying influence of temperature,precipitation,humidity,length of daylight,and anumber of other climatological factors.Various studies find relationships between specific climatological conditions and crime.Risingtemperature is generally accompanied by increases in aggression and violent crime.On the otherhand,high humidity appears to reduce the incidence of physical activity and aggression.Rain,cloud cover,and other forms of inclement weather are associated with lower levels of propertycrimes and increased depression.Our study showed that low humidity has the most widespread influence Oil all types of crimestudie@D@The analysis also shows that as humidity increases the level of crime decreases.Temperature also has a great effect.Increasing temperature fails to influence the number ofnighttime burglaries/larcenies,but it does increase the other crime categories.Burglaries/larcenies(day and night)and daytime assaults also tend to increase along with cloud cover.Except for windspeed and barometric pressure with regard to daytime assaults,the remaining weather factors havevirtually no influence on the levels of crime.Individuals who respond with criminal behavior to weather changes or weather extremes maybe controllable by administering drugs that offset these influences.Electrical stimulation of pleasurecenters in the brain may someday be a feasible countermeasure to aggressive stimuli due toincreased temperature or other weather variables.Changing or manipulating the weather is one possible means of attacking a weather—crimeinteraction.This approach may not be feasible due to the many relationships between weatherclimate and the rotation of the earth.Minor changes may be possible such as regulation of rainfallof sky cover.On the other han@D@temperature control may be impossible.More research is needed to assess and clarify the relationship between crime and the various climatological factors.Once this is accomplished,it will be necessary to devise more accuratemeans of forecasting the weather,counteracting the effects of weather on human behavior,andcontrolling the environment,or identifying other approaches to the problem.
单选题 All the following statements are true except that______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:事实细节题。文章第四段第三句讲到上升的气温不会影响夜间行窃的数量,所以A项“随着气温的上升,夜间行窃案也增加”不正确。由文章第一段第一、二句的设问可知B正确;第二段第二、三句说明犯罪率和温度、湿度均有关,所以C正确:D从文章最后一句中可以推知。
单选题 The following are all optimum conditions for crime EXCEPT______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:事实细节题。第四段指出研究表明低湿度对各类犯罪最具影响力.而湿度越高,犯罪率就会下降,可见C不是犯罪的最适宜条件。其他各项均与不同种类的犯罪发生有关。
单选题 Which of the following ways to handle crimes related with weather changes is notmentioned?______
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:事实细节题。文章第五、六段开始提及受天气变化影响而导致的犯罪的控制,administering dugs说明B正确;A文中直接提到;第六段中提到对天气的控制也是一种可能的方式,故C正确;只有警察的工作没有提到,故选D。
单选题 People are likely to be very active and aggressive______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:推理判断题。根据文章第三段第三句“high humidity appears to reduce theincidence of physical activity and aggression.”可见,反过来低湿度情况下人们可能“active andaggressive”,所以C正确。A、B和D项均与原文内容不符。
单选题 People are in low spirits______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:事实细节题。根据文章第一段最后一句“while dark rainy periods bringon depression”可知D正确。