问答题
(清华大学2006--2007学年春季学期期中考试试题)Consider incompressible flow in the entrance of a circular tube,as in Fig.6-39.The inlet flow is uniform,u
1
=U
0
.The flow at section 2 is developed pipe flow.Find the wall drag force F as a function of(p
1
,p
2
,ρ,U
o
,R)if the flow at section 2 is:
【正确答案】正确答案:流体在进出口处体积守恒,在内管上断面②处有:u
2,aV
=U
0
。考虑到x方向合外力为: ∑F
x
=(p
1
一p
2
)πR
2
一F
drag
=∫
0
2
u
2
.ρu
2
.2πrdr—U
0
(ρπR
2
U
0
) =ρπR
2
U
0
2
(β
2
一1) 此处存在关系β=[*],则易知: (1)层流,β=[*],所以:F
drag
=(p
1
一p
2
)πR
2
一(1/3)ρπR
2
U
0
2
(2)紊流,β=1.020,所以:F
drag
=(p
1
一p
2
)πR
2
一0.02πR
2
U
0
2
【答案解析】