问答题 (清华大学2006--2007学年春季学期期中考试试题)Consider incompressible flow in the entrance of a circular tube,as in Fig.6-39.The inlet flow is uniform,u 1 =U 0 .The flow at section 2 is developed pipe flow.Find the wall drag force F as a function of(p 1 ,p 2 ,ρ,U o ,R)if the flow at section 2 is:
【正确答案】正确答案:流体在进出口处体积守恒,在内管上断面②处有:u 2,aV =U 0 。考虑到x方向合外力为: ∑F x =(p 1 一p 2 )πR 2 一F drag =∫ 0 2 u 2 .ρu 2 .2πrdr—U 0 (ρπR 2 U 0 ) =ρπR 2 U 0 22 一1) 此处存在关系β=[*],则易知: (1)层流,β=[*],所以:F drag =(p 1 一p 2 )πR 2 一(1/3)ρπR 2 U 0 2 (2)紊流,β=1.020,所以:F drag =(p 1 一p 2 )πR 2 一0.02πR 2 U 0 2
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