【正确答案】在先期实现工业化的欧洲国家里,其工业化进程以及随之而来的各种深刻的社会结构变革持续了大约一个世纪,而如今一个发展中国家在10年左右的时间内就可以完成同样的过程。
【答案解析】[精解] in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization—with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so.
句子分析:
一、句子可以拆分为三段:in the early industrialized countries of Europe/the process of industrialization—with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century,/whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so.
二、句子的结构:
1)主干结构是复合句the process of industrialization...was spread over nearly a century, whereas...连词whereas“而”,表示对比。
2)破折号中间的短语是附加成分,修饰主语中心词process,其中social patterns 后面的that followed 是一个定语从句。
3)因为是两个对比句,所以可以根据上下文判断:两个句子的谓语spread over 和undergo意思相近,the same process 等于the process of industrialization.
三、词的处理:
industrialized countries 工业化国家;
the process of industrialization 工业化进程,工业化过程;
with...that followed 随……而来的,以及;
far-reaching changes 深刻的变革,影响深远的变化;
social patterns 社会结构;
spread over 持续,延续;
nearly a century 大约(将近、几乎)一个世纪;
a developing nation 一个发展中国家;
undergo 经历;
in a decade or so 在10年左右的时间