While chocolate was highly esteemed in Mesoamerica, where it originated, its adoption in Europe was initially slow. There is a common belief that Europeans needed to 'transform' chocolate to make it appetizing. However, while Spaniards did put sugar, which was unknown to indigenous Americans, into chocolate beverages, this additive was not completely innovative. Mesoamericans were already sweetening chocolate with honey, and the step from honey to sugar—increasingly more available than honey because of expanding sugar plantations in the Americas—is a small one. Likewise, although Spaniards adjusted Mesoamerican recipes by using European spices, the spices chosen suggest an attempt to replicate harder-to-find native flowers. There is no indication the Spaniards deliberately tried to change the original flavor of chocolate.

A、
identify the origins of an additive previously untried by Europeans
B、
present an example of a product that was unknown to Europeans
C、
correct the misapprehension that Mesoamericans used a sweetener that was not available in Europe
D、
provide an example of an ingredient that was in the process of being displaced by a substitute
E、
explain why the Spanish use of sugar in chocolate was not a sign of a need to transform Chocolate

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】

[考点] 目的的理解 1．做题分析 ①While chocolate was highly esteemed in Mesoamerica, where it originated, its adoption in Europe was initially slow.②There is a common belief that Europeans needed to 'transform' chocolate to make it appetizing.③However, while Spaniards did put sugar, which was unknown to indigenous Americans, into chocolate beverages, this additive was not completely innovative. ④Mesoamericans were already sweetening chocolate with honey, and the step from honey to sugar—increasingly more available than honey because of expanding sugar plantations in the Americas—is a small one. ⑤Likewise, although Spaniards adjusted Mesoamerican recipes by using European spices, the spices chosen suggest an attempt to replicate harder-to-find native flowers. ⑥There is no indication the Spaniards deliberately tried to change the original flavor of chocolate. 2．文章结构这篇文章为观点类型的文章。由common belief可以看出来。文章比较简单，主要是讨论巧克力很久才适应欧洲人口味的原因。文章先提出这个现象，然后给出了一个解释，接下来是反对这个解释并给出原因。文章的句子和词汇都比较简单，易于理解。 3．文章精析 ①这部分提出了关于巧克力的一个现象：虽然巧克力在其发源地Mesoamerica(中美洲)受到尊崇，但是在欧洲最初却很久后才被当地人接纳。 ②出现旧观点，由common belief可知。这部分讨论了可能造成上一句提到现象的原因：一个常见的解释是欧洲人需要把巧克力变得合他们的口味。 ③、④However表示转折，说明作者不认同这个解释：虽然Spaniards把当时美洲人还不知道的糖加入巧克力饮料，糖这种调料不是欧洲人原创的，Mesoamericans也使用蜂蜜让巧克力变甜，但是把蜂蜜转化为糖是很简单的(这里是意译)，两个破折号之间的部分为细节，可以不看。 ⑤、⑥这部分进一步解释作者的观点：Likewise在逻辑上是取同的意思，表明这一句的功能是反驳旧观点的另一个证据。虽然Spaniards使用欧洲的调料调整了Mesoamerican的巧克力配方，但是这是为了取代欧洲找不到的美洲本地生长的花(这是Mesoamerican的巧克力配方的一部分)。这句话点名了主旨：说明Spaniards不是有意要改变巧克力原本的味道的。这也说明了巧克力很久才适应欧洲人口味的原因是找到代替的原料用了很长时间。题型：细节目的题文章在第二句提到蜂蜜，目的是反对“被广泛接受的意见”，也就是说明欧洲人加入糖不是为了让巧克力变得更好吃，这在文章的主旨：There is no indication the Spaniards deliberately tried to change the original flavor of chocolate. (欧洲人不是有意要改变巧克力原本的味道)得到了证明，答案是E。