单选题 A Dutch review of prior research reveals that the more physically active school-aged children are, the better they fare in the classroom.
Most of the studies in the review had been 28 in the United States, while one came out of Canada and the other out of South Africa. The findings are published in the January issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 'We found strong evidence of a 29 positive relationship between physical activity and academic performance,' the researchers, led by Amika Singh of the Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center at the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, said in a journal news release. 'The findings of one high-quality intervention study and one high-quality observational study 30 that being more physically active is positively related to improved academic performance in children,' the authors noted. Fourteen studies were analyzed; they 31 in size from about 50 participants to as many as 12000 and 32 children between the ages of 6 and 18. The investigators noted that increases in blood and oxygen flow to the brain that accompanies exercise may play a role in improving classroom performance. The suggestion is that the dynamic prompts an increase in levels of hormones (荷尔蒙) 33 for reducing stress and boosting mood, while at the same time prompting the 34 of new nerve cells and synapse (神经元) flexibility.
The Dutch team cautioned, however, that more rigorous work is needed to confirm the connection. ' 35 few studies of high methodological quality have explored the relationship between physical activity and academic performance,' they 36 . 'More high-quality studies are needed on the dose-response relationship between physical activity and academic performance and on the explanatory mechanisms, using 37 and valid measurement instruments to assess this relationship accurately.'
A. acknowledged
B. conducted
C. consideration
D. convert
E. establishment
F. involved
G. ranged
H. Relatively
I. reliable
J. responsible
K. significant
L. suggest
M. Tactfully
N. temperament
O. vulnerably

问答题

【正确答案】B

【答案解析】动词辨析题。空格前为had been，后为in the United States，因此空格处应填入动词的过去分词。逗号后的并列连词while提示前后两个分句为并列关系，因此空格所填动词应与后一分句中的came out of并列，且该动词能与主语Most of the studies构成动宾关系。备选动词中，符合要求的只有conducted“进行”。

问答题

【正确答案】K

【答案解析】形容词辨析题。空格前为不定冠词a，后为名词短语positive relationship，因此空格处较有可能填入形容词或副词修饰positive。此处句意为：我们有强有力的证据证明体育运动与学业成绩好坏有______正相关的关系，再结合文章首段可以判断，备选项中的significant“影响深远的”符合题意。

问答题

【正确答案】L

【答案解析】动词辨析题。本句为含有that引导的宾语从句的主从复合句，主句缺谓语动词，所以空格处应填动词，且该动词能接that引导的从句作宾语。此处句意为：……研究结果______多运动与孩子学业成绩的提高之间呈正相关的关系。结合句意和备选动词可知，suggest“表明”符合题意。

问答题

【正确答案】G

【答案解析】动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，本句缺谓语动词，因此空格处应填动词，且该动词为不及物动词。结合空格后面部分句意“规模在50人至12000人之间”可以判断，该动词与“范围”相关。备选动词中，ranged“包括，在某范围内变化”常与from...to...搭配，符合题意。

问答题

【正确答案】F

【答案解析】动词辨析题。空格前的并列连词and提示，空格处应填动词，与前半句中的谓语动词并列。结合空格后面部分句意“年龄在6岁到18岁之间的孩子”可知，备选动词中的involved“包含”符合题意。

问答题

【正确答案】J

【答案解析】形容词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，______ for reducing stress and boosting blood应为后置定语修饰名词hormones，所以空格处应填形容词或分词，且该词能与空格后的介词for搭配。备选词中，符合要求的只有responsible“负责的”，与for搭配，意为“对……负责”，符合题意。

问答题

【正确答案】E

【答案解析】名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，后为介词短语of new nerve cells，所以空格处应填名词。结合此处句意“促进新神经细胞的______”和备选名词可知，establishment“建立”符合题意，这里指有助于新神经细胞的生长。

问答题

【正确答案】H

【答案解析】副词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，引号之间的部分应为宾语从句，该从句基本结构完整，故空格处应填副词修饰few。结合后一句中的More high-quality studies are needed on...可以判断，此处要表达的是探究体育运动与成绩关系的研究中，采用高质量方法的相对较少，故选Relatively“比较而言，相对地”。

问答题

【正确答案】A

【答案解析】动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填动词作句子的谓语，且该动词为及物动词。上一句指出，采用高质量方法的研究较少，下一句指出，需要更多高质量的研究，由此可以看出，研究者们先承认了现状，然后对以后的研究提出期望，故备选动词中的acknowledged“承认”符合题意。

问答题

【正确答案】I

【答案解析】形容词辨析题。本句结构较复杂，句子主干为More high-quality studies are needed on the...between...and...and on the...，逗号后面部分为现在分词短语using...and valid... to...作句子的状语，现在分词短语中的and提示空格所填词应为名词或形容词。备选项中，reliable“可信赖的，可靠的”，多用于描述学术研究，符合题意。