单选题 Government is a basic means of ordering human relations. 41 its citizens, government generally 42 certain well-organized functions and services. It regulates the price, quality, and quantity of certain goods and services. It acts to improve the health of the economy and the level of employment. It 43 an internal system of justice as an alternative 44 the use of force in the settlement of disputes—a system which not only protects the individual from arbitrary or hostile actions on the part of his fellow citizens, 45 from the infringement of his basic rights by other governmental elements. It provides a system of defense 46 attack by other countries. It takes a sizable part of the income of individuals and applies it 47 . Obviously, in 48 these tremendously significant activities, government 49 an insistent force on the life of every individual; and each citizen will be helped or hindered depending upon the 50 to which he understands the nature of governmental power.
Government, however, is the only one among many forms of social organization 51 considerable influence and claims 52 people. Particularly important 53 organizations are the corporation, the trade union, the church or synagogue, the club, the trade association, and the family. 54 , of course, there remain those aspects of life which are unassailably personal and individual and which cannot be dealt with by the mechanisms of society.
Government is 55 in every way superior to the other groups or organizations. It has, 56 , certain characteristics different from them. One is universality, in that all citizens belong. Another is that the government has a near monopoly 57 the legitimate application of force for carrying out its will.
58 , government"s role in America is perhaps best indicated in the Preamble to our Constitution. Our 59 fathers there gave it the challenge to "form a more perfect Union, establish justice, 60 domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity..." Every American citizen, either through action or apathy, is involved in this great task.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] benefit sb. 使某人受益。benefit from得益于。此处表示目的,应使用动词的不定式形式。To benefit its citizens意思是“为了使其公民受益”。答案是B。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 此句话的意思是:为了使公民受益,政府要履行某些良好的组织功能和服务。A.provides供应,供给;B.performs履行,执行;后可接function,service,duty等;C.excerts发挥,竭尽全力;后一般接effort,force等;D.claims要求,认领。答案是B。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] A.builds建造,建筑;B.constructs构造,创立;C.sets up建立,建构;能与system相搭配,sets up system设置系统;D.generates产生,发生。答案是C。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] an alternative to作为……的另外一种选择。as an alternative to the use of force in the settlement of disputes此句话的意思是:作为解决争端的另外一种选择。答案是C。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] A.moreover而且,此外;B.further更远的,更多的;C.but also并且;D.in addition另外。not only...but also...不仅……而且……。此处考固定搭配,答案是C。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 此句话的意思是:它设置了一个抵御其他国家攻击的防御系统。defense against为对付……而设的防御。答案是A。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] A.completely十分,完全地。B.individually个别地。C.partly部分,几分。D.collectively全体地,共同地。collectively与individuals相对应,表示政府向人们筹钱并用在了全民的身上。答案是D。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] A.carry out实施,执行,能够与后面的“activities”搭配。B.take in吸收,摄入。C.organize组织,创立。D.monitor控制,监测,追踪。答案是A。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] A.influence:影响,改变。B.claim:要求,认领。C.exerts发挥,竭尽全力。exert a force on sth.对……施加力量。D.implement使生效,贯彻,执行。答案是C。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] A.situation情形,境遇;B.circumstance环境,详情,境况;C.extent范围,程度;D.ability能力,才干。此处extent为后面to which所引导的定语从句的先行词。其他选项不能与to搭配使用。答案是C。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] A.take拿走,占领,获得;B.possess占有,拥有;C.deliver递送;D.maintain保持,维持。答案是B。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 此句话的意思是:在众多的社会组织中,政府是唯一一个对民众拥有重大影响力和强制力的组织possess influences/claims on/upon sb./sth.对某人或某物有影响力或者所有权。答案是B。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] A.governmental政府的。B.private私人的,私营的,秘密的。C.non-govern-mental非政府的。D.collective集体的。答案是C。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] A.However无论如何,可是。表示转折。B.In addition另外。C.Therefore因此,所以。D.Consequently从而,因此。答案是A。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] A.absolutely确确实实地,绝对的;B.by no means决不;C.nearly密切地,几乎;D.undeniably不可否认的。答案是D。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 联系上文可知,此处表示的是递进关系。选项中,moreover,furthermore,in addition都表示“此外,而且”,但moreover与furthermore一般置于句首,不在句中做插入语,只有in addition有此用法。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 此句话的意思是:另外,政府为了实现自己的意愿有近乎垄断的合法使用武力的权力。monopoly on垄断。答案是B。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] A.For example例如;B.In summary总之;C.Subsequently后来,随后;D.Finally最后,终于。根据后面的“best indicated”可知,这里是以美国为例证明政府的职能。答案是A。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] A.founding创立,创办;founding father创建人,发起人;B.remote偏僻的,细微的;C.successive继承的,连续的;D.preceding在前的,前述的。答案是A。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] A.reassure使……安心,打消……疑虑;B.remain保持,剩余;C.protect保护。ensure domestic tranquility确保家庭和睦。答案是D。