单选题 In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprises the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words 1 which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we learn, that is to say, from the 2 of our own family and from our familiar associates, and which we should know and use 3 we could not read or write. They concern the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who 4 the language. Such words may be called "popular", since they belong to the people at large and are not the exclusive possession of a limited class.
On the other hand, ore" language comprises a multitude of words which are comparatively 5 used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little 6 to use them at home or in the market place. Our first acquaintance with them comes not from our mother" s 7 or from the talk of our school mates, 8 from books that we read, lectures that we attend, or the more formal conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular 9 in style appropriately elevated above the habitual extent of everyday life. Such words are called "learned", and the 10 between them and the "popular" words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 语法结构题。句中的with which引导定语从句,修饰先行词those words,which在句中作介词with的宾语,become acquainted with somebody/something(了解某事,认识某人)为固定搭配。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 根据上下文可知,句中指的是“我们的家庭成员”。mates伙伴,同事;relatives亲戚;members成员;fellow伙伴,家伙。family members(家庭成员),符合句意。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 语法结构题。根据句意,“我们了解并且使用那些词语,即便我们不能读和写”。A.even是副词,不能引导状语从句;B.despite(尽管),D.in spite of(尽管),分别为介词和短语介词,不能引导状语从句。even if在此引导条件状语从句,符合题意。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。根据句意,应为“使用语言的人”,应选D.use(使用,利用)。A.hire(雇佣);B.apply(运用);C.adopt(采纳)。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 根据上下文的意思推理,只有选项seldom(很少,难得)符合句意。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 理解推断题。根据句意“每一个有文化的人都必得这些词语的意思,但在家中或在市场上却几乎没有必要使用这些词语。”其他选项:A.prospect(前景);B.way(方式);C.reason(理由)。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 词语搭配题。learn something from one"s lips(从某人嘴里得知某事)为固定搭配。A.tips(小费,提示);B.mouth(嘴);D.tongue(舌)。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 词语搭配题。根据句意,句中谓语动词之后连续出现了comes not from...,form...,第三个from之前应该是个转折词,即:我们最初不是从妈妈的嘴中或是同学的谈话中得知,而是从我们所读的书、所参加的讲座中了解这些词语。所以选but。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。本句的大意是“讨论的一些具体的话题”,此题考的是四个异形义词的词义辨析。A.theme(文章等的主题);B.topic(话题);C.idea(思想,意见);D.point(点,要点)。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 理解推断题。根据句意:“学术性词语和‘大众化’的词语之间的差别对于正解理解语言过程具有非常重要的意义”,可知B.distinction(差别,特性)为正确答案。A.diversion(转向,转移);C.diversity(多样性,变化);D.similarity(相似之处)。