复合题

Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies’ responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle. At first, the sounds that an infant notices might be only those words that receive the heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances. By the time they are six or seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections. Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can influence babies’ emotional states and behavior. Long before they develop actual language comprehension, babies can sense when an adult is playful or angry, attempting to initiate or terminate new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of cues such as the rate, volume, and melody of adult speech.
Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such cues. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and nonsense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other investigators have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain words. 
More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is observation that tiny babies can make relatively fine distinctions between speech sounds. In other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make precisely those perceptual discriminations that are necessary if they are to acquire aural language.
Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine months they will listen to songs or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding. For babies, language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to prosaic meaning that it often is for adults.

单选题 What does the passage mainly discuss?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】由文章开头第一句Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them可知, babies在他们能真正说话之前就会特别注意周围人所说的话, 由此可推断出这篇文章主要是讲婴儿在语言发展的最初阶段是如何感知和回应人类的声音的, 故应选C。
单选题 The passage mentions all of the following as ways adults modify their speech when talking to babies EXCEPT _____.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】由第二段的最后一句They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain words可知, adults只会重读特定的词, 而不是所有的, 故应选A。
单选题 Which of the following can be inferred about the findings described in paragraph 2?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】由第二段的and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and nonsense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk可知, 来自不同文化的妈妈都是用类似的方式来与她们的宝宝交流, 故应选B。
单选题 What point does the author make to illustrate that babies are born with the ability to acquire language?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】由倒数第二段可知, tiny babies可以区分声音之间的细微差别, 故应选D。
单选题 According to the author, why do babies listen to songs and stories, even though they cannot understand them?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】由最后一段的Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input可知, babies可以从听歌或听故事中获得乐趣, 即使他们听不懂, 故应选B。