单选题 Competition with research in universities is very harmful to teaching. Therefore, it would be much more beneficial to teaching to develop a sound program of educational research. Such a program would improve teaching theory and technique. It would also make clear what competencies are required of a good teacher as well as help professors attain them.
Educational research should be required to meet the same standards as scientific research, but it cannot be raised to those standards without comparable support and duty. Competent educational research is no more a part-time activity than competent scientific research. The relatively trivial (琐碎的) educational research so common in the universities is an inseparable result of trivial duties by the universities. Rather than look down upon such research, the professors have an obligation to see that it is upgraded.
Let no one think that educational research is easy; it is concerned with no less than solving the complexities of the human mind. There is no reason to believe that an effective theory and technology of instruction is easier to achieve than controlled nuclear fusion. It is certainly every bit as worthy.

单选题 Competition with research in the universities ______.
A. should be encouraged B. is very beneficial to teaching
C. makes clear how to be good teachers D. is not beneficial to instruction
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。本题询问作者对大学里的科研竞争的看法。根据文章首句可知,大学里的科研竞争不利于教学活动,故选项D(大学里的科研竞争不利于教学)为正确答案。
根据作者观点“大学里的科研竞争不利于教学”可推知作者不赞成在大学里的科研竞争,故选项A(应该得到鼓励)不符合作者的观点,而选项B(对教学很有利)明显与文意不符合。选项C(明确了怎样成为优秀教师)虽符合文意,但它是健全的教育研究规划的一个方面,不属于作者对大学里的科研竞争的看法,故不选。
单选题 Which of the following best describes the purpose of a sound program of educational research?
A. To develop teaching theories.
B. To avoid the harm of competition with research.
C. To develop teaching techniques.
D. To help professors improve competencies.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 推理判断题。本题询问下列哪项最佳地描述了健全的教育研究规划的目的。根据第一段的前两句话,作者先指出大学里的科研竞争不利于教学活动,接着提出发展健全的教育研究规划有利于教学活动,由此可知,建立健全的教育研究规划的目的是为了避免科研竞争可能对教学带来的弊端,故选项B(避免科研竞争的危害)为正确答案。
选项A(发展教学理论)、选项C(提高教学技巧)和选项D(帮助教授提高自身的能力)属于健全的教育科研规划的优点,也可能是建立健全的教育科研规划的具体目的,但都不全面,故不选。本题也可从另一角度进行解答:根据第一段的第三、四句话可知,选项A、C、D为三个并列关系的选项,若其中一个选项正确,则另外两个选项也必定正确。因而,可一并排除这三个选项,故选择B。
单选题 The competent educational research ______.
A. does not have the same standards with competent scientific research
B. is a part-time activity of education
C. should have standards which require different duties
D. produces the same influence with scientific research
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。本题询问高水平的教育研究是什么样子的。根据第二段第一句话后半部分可知健全的教育研究规划需要有分清不同责任的标准,故选项C为正确答案。
根据第二段第一句话可知,教育研究应该达到科学研究标准,故选项A(高水平的教育研究和高水平的科学研究有着不同的标准)与原文意思相反。根据第二段第二句话可知,高水平的教育研究不是“业余休闲活动”,更不是教育上的兼职活动,故选项B(是教育兼职活动)不符合文意。选项D(和科学研究产生的影响是一样的)在文章中没有涉及,故不选。
单选题 What is the author's attitude towards trivial educational research?
A. It should not be paid attention to by professors.
B. It can be looked down upon by competent professors.
C. It does not have the same duties with competent research.
D. It does not need improvement.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 推理判断题。本题询问作者对琐碎的教育研究的态度如何。根据第二段第一句话后半部分可知,健全的教育研究规划标准要分清不同的责任,本段第三句话表明琐碎的教育研究也是研究规划的一部分,所以,琐碎的教育研究应该和高水平的教育研究责任不同,故选项C(与高水平研究职责不同)为正确答案。
根据第二段最后一句话可知,大学教授们不应该歧视琐碎的教育研究,他们应该有义务提高这些研究的水平,说明了教授应该重视这样的研究,故选项A(教授不应该重视这些研究)、选项B(有能力的教授可以看不起这些研究)以及选项D(这些研究不需要改善)等说法均不符合文意,故不选。
单选题 This passage is mainly about ______.
A. competition with research in universities
B. a sound program of educational research
C. standards of a sound program of educational research
D. competent educational research
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 主旨大意题。本题询问这篇文章主要是关于什么的。这篇文章主要讲了健全的教育研究规划,包括其提出的原因、优点、标准以及困难性,故选项B为正确答案。
选项A(大学里的科研竞争)只是文章第一段第一句话讲的内容,而选项C(健全的教育研究规划的标准)是文章第二段的主要内容,这两项只是涉及到文章其中一部分的内容,不够全面,故不选。选项D(高水平的教育研究)只是健全的教育研究规划的一部分,不能包括整篇文章的内容,故不选。