单选题 Bernard Jackson is a free man today, but he has many bitter memories. Jackson spent five years in prison after a jury wrongly convicted him of raping two women. At Jackson's trial, al though two witnesses testified that Jackson was with them in another location at the times of the crimes, he was convicted anyway. Why? The jury believed the testimony of the two victims, who positively identified Jackson as the man who had attacked them. The court eventually freed Jackson after the police found the man who had really committed the crimes.
Many factors influence the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. For instance, witnesses some times see photographs of several suspects before they try to identify the person they saw in a lineup of people. They can become confused by seeing many photographs of similar faces. The number of people in the lineup, and whether it is a live lineup or a photograph, may also affect a witness's decision. People sometimes have difficulty identifying people of other races. The questions the police ask witnesses also have an effect on them.
Many people believe that police officers are more reliable than ordinary people. Psychologists decided to test this idea, and they discovered that it is not true. Two psychologists showed a film of crimes to both police officers and civilians. The psychologists found no difference between the police and the civilians in correctly remembering the details of the crimes.
Despite all the possibilities for inaccuracy, courts cannot exclude eyewitness testimony from a trial. American courts depend almost completely on eyewitness testimony to resolve court cases. Sometimes it is the only evidence to a crime, such as rape. Furthermore, eyewitness testimony is often correct. Although people do sometimes make mistakes, many times they really do identify in dividuals correctly.
American courts depend on the ability of the twelve jurors, and not the judges, to determine the accuracy of the witness' s testimony. It is their responsibility to decide if a certain witness could actually see, hear, and remember what occurred.
In a few cases the testimony of eyewitnesses has convicted innocent people. More importantly, it has rightly convicted a larger number of guilty people; consequently, it continues to be of great value in the American judicial system.

单选题 Benard Jackson was found guilty by the jury because______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[精析] 细节题。文章第一段倒数第二句提到“The jury believed the testimony of the two victims，who...”陪审团相信两名受害人的证词，她们十分肯定地认定Jackson就是那个罪犯，与A项 “受害者坚持认为Jackson是那个罪犯”表示的意思相同，故选A。
单选题 An eyewitness' testimony is sometimes inaccurate because______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[精析] 细节题。文章第二段第一句“Many factors influence the accuracy of eyewitness testimony.”很多因素影响目击证人证词的精确性。…因为看了很多相似面孔的照片，他们会变得困惑， 与B项“被展现很多相似面孔”表达相同意思，故选B。
单选题 Eyewitness testimony is vital because______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[精析] 细节题。文章第四段第二句提到“American courts depend almost completely on eyewitness testimony to resolve court cases．Sometimes it is the only evidence to a crime．such as rape．”美国法院几乎完全依靠目击证人来处理案件。有时候目击证人是唯一的证据，例如强奸，与B项“有时候它是协助案件 破解的唯一途径。”表达相同的意思，故选B。
单选题 An inaccurate eyewitness testimony may lead to______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[精析] 细节题。文章最后一段第一句中提到“In a few cases the testimony of eyewitnesses has convicted。innocent people．”在一些案件中，目击证人的证词冤枉了无辜的人，与D项“冤枉一些无辜的人”表述一样，故选D。
单选题 From the text we know that______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[精析] 推断题。文章最后一段最后一句“...it continues to be of great value in the American judicial system．”目击证人的证词 在美国的法律系统中仍然有很大的价值，与A项“目击证人证词在美国案件审理中起着重要的作用”表示相同的意思，所以A正确。由第三段中的心理学家发现在正确记住罪犯的详细信息方面警察和普通人没有差别，可以看出B项“警察辨认比普 通人更加具有可靠性”是错误的。由文章第四段可以看出受害 者并不是经常辨别犯罪嫌疑人失败，而是在大多数情况下能够 成功辨别。所以C也不符合原文。由文章第五段中美国法院在决定证人证词的准确性时依靠的是十二个陪审员，而不是法官可以看出D是不正确的，故选A。