单选题
At work, as in life, attractive women get a lot of the breaks. Studies have shown that they are more likely to be promoted than their plain-Jane colleagues. Because people tend to project positive traits onto them, such as sensitivity and poise, they may also be at an advantage in job interviews. The only downside to hotness is having to fend off ghastly male colleagues; or so many people think. But research by two Israelis suggests otherwise.
Bradley Ruffle at Ben-Gurion University and Ze"ev Shtudiner at Ariel University Centre looked at what happens when job hunters include photos with their
curricula vitae
, as is the norm in much of Europe and Asia. The pair sent fictional applications to over 2,500 real-life vacancies. For each job, they sent two very similar résumés, one with a photo, one without. Subjects had previously been graded for their attractiveness.
For men, the results were as expected. Hunks were more likely to be called for an interview if they included a photo. Ugly men were better off not including one. However, for women this was reversed. Attractive females were less likely to be offered an interview if they included a mugshot. When applying directly to a company (rather than through an agency) an attractive woman would need to send out 11 CVs on average before getting an interview; an equally qualified plain one just seven.
At first, Mr. Ruffle considered what he calls the "dumb-blonde hypothesis" that people assume beautiful women to be stupid. However, the photos had also been rated on how intelligent people thought each subject looked; there was no correlation between perceived intellect and beauty.
So the cause of the discrimination must lie elsewhere. Human resources departments tend to be staffed mostly by women. Indeed, in the Israeli study, 93% of those tasked with selecting whom to invite for an interview were female. The researchers" unavoidable and unpalatable conclusion is that old-fashioned jealousy led the women to discriminate against pretty candidates.
So should attractive women simply attach photos that make them look dowdy? No. Better, says Mr. Ruffle, to discourage the practice of including a photo altogether. Companies might even consider the anonymous model used in the Belgian public sector, where CVs do not even include the candidate"s name.
单选题
According to Paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true?
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段。D项“两个以色列人认为漂亮女性会得到许多眷顾”与第一段最后一句But research by two Israelis suggests otherwise意思相反，故符合题意，为正确答案。A项“漂亮女性更容易受到老板的信任”与第一段第二句“有研究表明，比起长相平平的同事，这些美女晋升的机会更大”相符。B项“人们更倾向认为漂亮女性拥有积极特质”与第一段第三句“由于人们倾向于把她们跟一些积极向上的性格特征对号入座，比如说反应敏捷和处变不惊”相符。C项“漂亮女性更容易受到性骚扰”与第一段第四句“唯一不利的是，她们得避开那些心术不正的异性骚扰”相符。
单选题
The phrase "curricula vitae" (Para. 2) probably means ______.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 含义题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段第一句。其中curricula对考生并不陌生，意为“课程，总课程”；vitae是一个超纲词，但是考生可以根据上下文推测出其意思。第二段第一句是一个复合句，句式复杂，但前半部分是在说明两位研究者的身份，重点是对后半部分“when job hunters include photos with their curricula vitae, as is the norm in much of Europe and Asia”的理解。联系上下文，可知此句意为“在很多欧洲和亚洲国家，求职者都会在简历中附上照片”。因此curricula vitae意为“简历，履历”，故B．résumés符合题意，为正确答案。A项“课程表”，C项“公文包，手提包”，D项“求职网站”，均不符合题意，故排除。
单选题
It can be seen from the text that Mr. Ruffle thinks ______.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。根据题干关键词Mr. Ruffle定位到第四段和第六段。C项“漂亮女性不应在简历中附照片”与第六段第二句No. Better, says Mr. Ruffle, to discourage the practice of including a photo altogether相符，意为“不，Ruffle说，最好是不要附上照片”。故C项为正确答案。A项“漂亮的女人没大脑这一假说错误”与第四段第一句不符。B项“智商和美貌之间有联系”与第四段最后一句不符。D项“漂亮女性更容易收到面试机会”与Mr. Ruffie的研究结果不符，故排除。
单选题
The cause of the discrimination probably lies in ______.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词cause，discrimination，lies in定位到第五段。第五段讲漂亮女性求职者容易受到歧视的原因。答案藏于第五段最后一句The researchers" unavoidable and unpalatable conclusion is that old-fashioned jealousy led the women to discriminate against pretty candidates. 此句是一个典型的主系表结构，句式不复杂，但是个别词语难以理解。其中unavoidable and unpalatable conclusion意为“不可避免和令人不快的结论”，old-fashioned jealousy意为“亘古不变的妒忌心”，lead...to导致……。全句意为“所以调查者最终不免要得出一个令人不快的结论——正是亘古不变的妒忌心使得漂亮的女性求职者受歧视”。故正确答案为A项，其余选项属于过度推断，故排除。