单选题
The word science is heard so often in modern times that
almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its
definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused,
but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the
explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified
knowledge (facts) . Even in the true sciences distinguishing
fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken
to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear
difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example,
hypotheses (假设) and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From
these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are
proved or discredited (使不相信). The exacts status of any explanation should be
clearly labeled to avoid confusion. The objectives of science
are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man
cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that
questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in
the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their
time and energy. Actually, two basic approaches lead to the
discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to
as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purpose—for
instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new
consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an
approach is referred to as applied science. Sometimes
practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its
immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the
discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day
result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to
life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the
discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they
were not made years ago ; however, one should remember that the construction of
the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists
dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic (抱歉) about ignoring
the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most
knowledge is eventually applied.
单选题
To define science we may simply call it ______.
A. the study of unrelated fields
B. classified knowledge
C. the study of unrelated subjects
D. an attempt to explain natural phenomena
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[考点] 细节判断
[解析] 线索：文章的第1段提到“suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts). ”表明选项B是正确答案。其他几个选项为干扰项。
第1道题目对应文章的第1段，从原文中寻找相关的信息。
单选题
Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope, ______.
A. is not always as pure as we suppose
B. necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a
cell
C. may lead to antiseientifie, "impure" results
D. necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery of the
cell
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[考点] 细节判断
[解析] 线索：文章的第5段提到“however, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. ”表明选项D是正确答案。选项A在原文中没有提到。选项B对原文信息的错误联想。C选项反科学，文章没有提到。
单选题
A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen
would probably call his approach ______.
单选题
Which of the following statements does the author imply?
A. In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction
B. Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure
science
C. Scientists engaged in the theoretfcal research should not be blamed for
ignoring the practical side of their discoveries
D. Today few people have any nation of the meaning of science
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[考点] 细节推断
[解析] 线索：文章的第5段提到“The host of seienlists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic(抱歉)about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; ”表明选项C是正确答案。选项A和原文第2段的首句相反。选项B和原文的第5段首句“Somethnes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science”相反。选项D和原文第1段的内容“The word science is heard SO often in modem times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. ”相反。
根据题目的号码可以推断出该题目考查的有可能是文章的后半部分，这样在答题时从文章的后半部分内容入手要简单一些。其他几个选项是从别的段落中摘抄出来的混淆选项。