【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析]
Ever since the Apollo moon landings, the idea of human expeditions to the Mars has come up repeatedly as the kind of grand adventures that would give focus, purpose, and inspirational lift to the space program. But confronted with the cost—estimated at $150 billion last week—presidents starting with Richard Nixon and others have flinched and resorted to halfway measures tike the shuttle.

[分析] 因果关系的判断。
根据原文，人类梦想去火星探险，但是“confronted with the cost...presidents... have flinched and resorted to halfway measures like the shuttle”即“面临经费问题，美国总统们畏缩了，不得不做出妥协，先发展航天飞机”。由此可见，发展航天飞机只是人类去火星探险梦想的妥协。只有选项c符合这种判断，因此该项的说法是正确的。
[解题关键] 掌握因果关系的表达法，可快速理解原文。文中使用了过去分词短语 (confronted with)的形式来表示因果关系。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析]
More difficult for foreign managers to grasp are the intricacies of culture, such as the advertising staple of humor. "In southern China humour is more slapstick and physical, like you find in Hong Kong movies," Taw says. "In the north, people love clever wordplays, a legacy of traditional Chinese opera and verbal sparring. For national campaigns, the challenge is to tap into a universal interest."

[分析] 比较结构的识别和理解。
关于中国的幽默，原文将南方和北方作了比较。发现南方幽默“more slap stick and physical”即“更为打闹滑稽，强调形体动作”，而北方则“love clever wordplays”即“更喜欢口齿伶俐的文字游戏”。由此可见，只有选项d的说法与原文含义相符，因此，选项d的说法是正确的。
[解题关键] 1) 掌握比较表达的结构，本文在平行结构中使用反义词，以提起读者注意：2) 掌握近义词替换，原文中wordplays与选项中verbal act (言辞)意思相近。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析]
It's amazing what you can see when you don't look. Astronomers often practice a technique known as averted vision to see very faint things. By looking to the side rather than straight on, they avoid using receptors in the eye's center, which are more sensitive to dim light. So canny stargazers try to see the wonders of the cosmos out of the corners of their eyes.

[分析] 比较结构的识别和理解。
同原文“they avoid using receptors in the eye's center, which are more sensitive to dim light”比较中看，显然选项c的说法正好与此相背，因此，选项c是正确答案。
[解题关键] 掌握所比较的对象之间的关系是该题解题的关键。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析]
Sweden's rejection of the European Union's common currency was a coldly rational statement of mistrust in the euro. It distanced itself from the stagnant economic performance of the euro zone, and flatly refused to place its monetary future under the sway of big countries like France and Germany, who have bent the euro's rules to suit themselves.

[分析] 事实细节的理解和判断。
将各选项中关键词与原文对比，发现选项a的说法可与原文第一句“Sweden's rejection of the European Union's common currency...”相对应；选项 b的说法可与原文“...big countries like France and Germany, who have bent the euro's rules to suit themselves”相对应：选项d的说法可与原文“It distanced itself from the stagnant economic performance of the euro zone”相对应；只有选项c的说法在原文中找不到对应，因此该项的说法是错误的。
[解题关键] 掌握同义词的替换可快速解题。如原文中rejection与选项中 refuse同义；bent the rule to suit themselves与tailor the rule to their own benefit同义，均指为自己利益而调整规则；sluggish与stagnant同义，均指经济的不景气。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析]
Stem cells are undeveloped human cells that can grow into many or all of the different specialized cells in the human body. Although stem cells have been harvested from adults, the most versatile stem cells come from embryos. The main source of embryos is fertility clinics. Vitro fertilization, the process that produces test-tube babies, involves the fertilization of eggs to produce embryos outside the woman's body.

[分析] 语义逻辑关系的识别。
本题要求识别原文的逻辑结构。原文主要讨论的是stem cells(干细胞)，如干细胞的定义、起源等，fertility clinics(人工受精)虽有提及，但不属于主要讨论的话题。因此选项a的说法符合题义，是正确答案。
[解题关键] 掌握主题及支持性细节是解题的关键。本文主题是干细胞，支持性细节是干细胞的定义(原文第一句)及起源(第二句至最后一句)。显然，选项b、c和d的说法均围绕这一框架。