翻译题

Translate the following passages into Chinese.

Passage 1

In a recent research article in Clinical Psychological Science, I and my collaborator, the neuroscientist Tom Johnstone at the University of Reading in the UK, examined the prevalence of absolutist thinking in the natural language of more than 6,400 online members in various mental-health chat groups. From the outset, we predicted that those with depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation would have a more absolutist outlook, and that this would manifest in their style of language. Compared with 19 different online control chat groups on topics from cancer to parenting, theprevalence of absolutist words was approximately 50 per cent greater in depression and anxiety groups, and approximately 80 per cent greater in the suicidal-ideation group.
​​​​​​Previously, the best-known linguistic markers for mental-health disorders had been an excessive use of first-person singular pronouns such as “me”, “myself” and “I”, with a reduced use of second- and third-person pronouns. This pattern of pronoun use reflects the isolation and self-focus common in depression; negative-emotion words are also reliable in identifying depression. However, we find that the prevalence of absolutist words is a better linguistic marker for mental-health disorders than both pronouns and negative-emotion words. They produced bigger differences between groups with mental-health disorders and control groups compared with pronouns, and they tracked groups with mental-health disorders better than negative-emotion words. Paradoxically, negative-emotion words were more prevalent in anxiety and depression groups than in the suicidal-ideation group.

【正确答案】

在最近发表在《临床心理科学》 上的一篇研究文章中, 我和我的合作伙伴, 英国雷丁大学的神经学家汤姆·约翰斯通(Tom Johnstone)研究了各种心理健康聊天群中 6400多名在线成员使用自然语言进行绝对主义思考的情况。从一开始, 我们就预测那些有抑郁、 焦虑和自杀想法的人会有更加绝对的观点, 并将在他们的语言风格中体现出来。 与 19 个不同的在线控制聊天组相比, 从癌症到育儿话题, 绝对主义词汇在抑郁和焦虑组的流行率约高 50%,在自杀意念组的流行率约高 80%。
此前, 心理健康障碍最著名的语言标记是过度使用第一人称单数代词, 如“me”“myself” 和“I”, 而减少使用第二人称代词和第三人称代词。 这种代词使用模式反映了抑郁症患者普遍存在的孤立和自我关注; 消极情绪词汇在识别抑郁症方面也很可靠。 然而, 我们发现, 相对于代词和消极情绪词汇, 绝对主义词汇的普遍使用是心理健康障碍更好的语言标记。 与代词相比, 他们在精神健康障碍组和对照组之间产生了更大的差异, 而且他们对精神健康障碍组的跟踪效果比消极情绪组要好。 矛盾的是, 消极情绪词汇在焦虑和抑郁组比自杀意念组更普遍。

【答案解析】