单选题 Questions 10—11 are based on the following:
Antinuclear activist: The closing of the nuclear power plant is a victory for the antinuclear cause. It also represents a belated acknowledgment by the power industry that they cannot operate such plants safely.
Nuclear power plant manager: It represents no such thing. The availability of cheap power from nonnuclear sources, together with the cost of mandated safety inspections and safety repairs, made continued operation uneconomic. Thus it was not safety considerations but economic considerations that dictated the plant's closing.

单选题 The reasoning in the manger's argument is flawed because the argument

A. fails to acknowledge that the power industry might now believe nuclear power plants to be unsafe even though this plant was not closed for safety reasons
B. overlooks the possibility that the sources from which cheap power is available might themselves be subject to safety concerns
C. mistakes the issue of what the closure of the plant represents to the public for the issue of what the managers' reasons for the closure were
D. takes as one of its premises a view about the power industry's attitude toward nuclear safety that contradicts the activist's view
E. counts as purely economic considerations some expenses that arise as a result of the need to take safety precautions

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】[解析] 经理把强制性的安全检查和安全维修当作经济上的因素将会严重削弱他的结论。因为如果核电站在安全检查和维修上花了大量的钱，那我们一定可以推出这个核心电站在安全预防方面要做大量的工作，也即这个核电站的安全可靠性不强，因此(E)是正确答案；(A)、(B)、(C)和(D)均是无关选项。

单选题 Which one of the following, if true, most strongly supports the activist's claim of victory?

A. The plant had reached the age at which its operating license expired.
B. The mandate for inspections and repairs mentioned by the manager was recently enacted as a result of pressure from antinuclear groups.
C. The plant would not have closed if cheap power from nonnuclear sources had not been available.
D. Per unit of electricity produced, the plant had the highest operating costs of any nuclear power plant.
E. The plant that closed had been able to provide backup power to an electrical network then parts of the network became overloaded.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 反核活动家对核电站的主要看法是认为它不安全，因此在5个选项中只有体现安全问题的选项才有可能是相关选项。(B)就说明反核小组认为核电站不安全的想法被验证，因此(B)是正确答案，其他选项都是无关选项。

单选题 A store currently charges the same price for each towel that it sells. If the current price of each towel were to be increased by $1,10 fewer of the towels could be bought for $120, excluding sales tax. What is the current price of each towel?

A. $1
B. $2
C. $3
D. $4
E. $12

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 做对本题的关键是对后半句“10 fewer of the towels could be bought for $120”的理解，该句用的是虚拟语气，意为“120美元可以购买的毛巾数量少10条”。设目前每条毛巾的价格为x美元，则由题意可列出以下方程： [*]

单选题

CANCELATION FEES

Days prior to Departure	Percent of Package Price
46 or more	10%
45～31	35%
30～16	50%
15～5	65%
4 or fewer	100%

The table above shows the cancellation fee schedule that a travel agency uses to determine the fee charged to a tourist who cancels a trip prior to departure. If a tourist canceled a trip with a package price of$1,700 and a departure date of September 4, on what day was the trip canceled?
(1)The cancellation fee was $595.
(2)If the trip had been canceled one day later, the cancellation fee would have been $255 more.

A. 条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分．
B. 条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分．
C. 条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分，但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分．
D. 条件(1)充分，条件(2)也充分．
E. 条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分，条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分．

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] (1)不充分，因为当撤消费用为595美元时，占代办费的比例为[*]，根据表格中的数据可知此旅行在31～45天前被取消，但无法得知确切的撤消日期；(2)不充分，因为根据(2)可知晚一天多付的钱占总代办费的[*]，结合表格中的数据，不难发现撤消的时间存在两种可能，即出发前的31天，或出发前的16天；而根据(1)+(2)可得撤消旅行的日期必为出发前的第31天，即8月4日。

单选题 Are all of the numbers in a certain list of 15 numbers equal?
(1)The sum of all of the numbers in the list is 60.
(2)The sum of any 3 numbers in the list is 12。

A. 条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分．
B. 条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分．
C. 条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分，但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分．
D. 条件(1)充分，条件(2)也充分．
E. 条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分，条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分．

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] (1)不充分，因为根据所有数字的和为60无法判断该数列中的15个数字是否都相等；(2)充分，由任3个数的和都为12，可以推知，只有在每一个数都等于4时，才能满足这一条件。

单选题 According to a recent cross-cultural study, married people in general have longer life expectancies than do people who divorce and do not remarry. This fact indicates that the stress associated with divorce adversely affects health.
Which of the following, if true, points to a weakness in the argument above?

A. Overall life expectancies differ among countries, even among countries with similar cultures.
B. People often show signs of stress when undergoing a divorce.
C. Life expectancy varies with age-group, even among married people.
D. Stress of many kinds has been shown to affect health adversely.
E. Adults who have never married have shorter life expectancies than do married people of the same age.

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】

单选题 Many pregnant women suffer from vitamin deficiency, but this is frequently not due to vitamin deficiency in their diets; most often it is because they have higher requirements for vitamins than do the rest of the population.
The best criticism of the reasoning in the statement above is that it

A. fails to specify the percentage of pregnant women who suffer from vitamin deficiency.
B. gives insufficient information about why pregnant women have higher vitamin requirements than do other groups.
C. fails to employ the same reference group for both uses of the term "vitamin deficiency. "
D. provides insufficient information about the incidence of vitamin deficiency in other groups with high vitamin requirements.
E. uses "higher requirements" in an ambiguous manner.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 本题的段落中有两个地方提及维生素缺乏：第一是怀孕妇女的维生素缺乏，指的是怀孕妇女身体内的维生素缺乏；第二是食物中维生素的缺乏，指的是食物中维生素的含量少。这两处的参照物很明显是不同的。(C)指出了这一点，因此(C)正确，其他的四个选项都不能对本题段落的推理构成批评。

单选题 A recent survey showed that 50 percent of people polled believe that elected officials should resign if indicted for a crime, whereas 35 percent believe that elected officials should resign only if they are convicted of a crime. Therefore, more people believe that elected officials should resign if indicted than believe that they should resign if convicted.
The reasoning above is flawed because it

A. draws a conclusion about the population in general based only on a sample of that population.
B. confuses a sufficient condition with a required condition.
C. is based on an ambiguity of one of its terms.
D. draws a conclusion about a specific belief based on responses to queries about two different specific beliefs.
E. contains premises that cannot all be true.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 本题推理中假设那些认为仅当选举产生的官员被宣判有罪时就应辞职的人数与那些认为选举产生的官员被宣判有罪时就应辞职的人数是一样的，因此本题论证的推理把充分条件与必要条件相混淆，所以(B)是正确答案。

单选题 If n=p+r, where n, p, and r are positive integers and n is odd, does p equal 2?
(1)p and r are prime numbers.
(2)r≠2

A. 条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分．
B. 条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分．
C. 条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分，但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分．
D. 条件(1)充分，条件(2)也充分．
E. 条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分，条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分．

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] (1)不充分，因为根据p和r是质数，根本无法得到p是否等于2；(2)也不充分，因为由r≠2，也无法说明p是否等于2；(1)+(2)充分，因为根据n=p+r且n为奇数可知p和r必为一奇一偶，而p，r又都为质数，则其中一个数必为2，但是r≠2，所以p=2。

单选题 For a group of n people, k of whom are of the same sex, the expression

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】[解析] 这20个人中，女性有4人，则男性有16人，所以根据题意可得该群体的女性和男性指数分别为：[*]； [*] 所以其差为0.8-0.2=0.6。

单选题 If x is a positive, single-digit integer such that

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】Since there are only nine single-digit, positive integers, and not all of them will yield integers when we use them in these algebraic expressions, let's start with trying to find a value for x that will give us a list of consecutive integers. 1 won't work, since [*] is not an integer. Same with 2. When we use 3, though, we get [*]; that's an integer. The other expressions give us 2×3=6, 3, 3+2=5, and 3×3-2=7. So our group includes 4, 6, 3, 5, and 7. They aren't in order, but they don't have to be according to the problem, and they are consecutive. But be careful! The problem asks for the median of the list, not the value of x. The median of the list 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 is 5.

单选题 A certain clock marks every hour by striking a number of times equal to the hour and the time required for a stroke is exactly equal to the time interval between strokes. At 6:00 the time lapse between the beginning of the first stroke and the end of the last stroke is 22 seconds. At 12:00, how many seconds elapse between the beginning of the first stroke and the end of the last stroke?

A. 72
B. 50
C. 48
D. 46
E. 44

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 由题意可知敲击持续的时间与两次敲击之间的间隔时间相同，设该时间为32秒，注意到间隔的次数比敲击的次数少1次，则6:00该钟表共敲击6次，间隔为5次，由题意可得到F面的方程：(6+5)x=22→x=2因此12:00时的敲击与间隔时间共为(12+11)×2=46秒

单选题 Neither the Sami nor the Kephrian delegations attended the international conference. Beforehand, the delegations of Daqua and Kephria, allies whose governments had grievances against Tessia, officially announced that one or both of the two would stay away if the Tesssian delegation attended the conference. In response, the Sami delegation officially announced that it would definitely attend if both the Daquan and Kephrian delegations stayed away.
If the statements given are all true and all the delegations adhered to their official announcements, it must also be true that the

A. Daquan delegation attended the conference.
B. Daquan delegation did not attend the conference.
C. Sami government had no grievance against Tessia.
D. Tessian delegation did not attend the conference.
E. Tessian delegation made no official announcement regarding its attendance at the conference.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 本题与1996年10月GRE北美试题Section 6的23题相类似，但本题段落推理关系更复杂。假定用S、K、D、T分别代表Sami，Kephrian，Daque，Tessian代表团参加会议，[*]分别代表这些代表团不参加会议，则本题推理为：[*]；[*]，现在让我们推证的是[*]?稍加分析不难发现，[*]，因此(A)正确，请注意此类题的思维。

单选题 Of the five bill collectors at Apex Collection Agency, Mr. Young has the highest rate of unsuccessful collections. Yet Mr. Young is the best bill collector on the agency's staff. Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy?

A. Mr. Young is assigned the majority of the most difficult cases at the agency.
B. The other four bill collectors at the agency all consider Mr. Young to be a very capable bill collector.
C. Mr. Young's rate of collections per year has remained fairly steady in the last few years.
D. Before joining the agency, Mr. Young was affiliated with the credit department of a large department store.
E. None of the bill collectors at the agency has been on the agency's staff longer than Mr. Young has.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 要使Yong先生收款的成功率不高的事实能够支持Yong先生是最好的账单收款员的结论，就要找致使Yong先生收款的成功率不高的原因。在本题的5个选项中，只有(A)指出了Yong先生收款成功率不高是因为收款局的大多数最困难的事情都是派Yong先生去做的，这样不但本题中证据与结论之间的明显分歧得到了解决，而且证据还更有力地支持了结论。

单选题 If a mechanical aerator is installed in a fish pool, the water in the pool can be properly aerated. So, since John's fish pool does not have a mechanical aerator, it must be that his pool is not properly aerated. Without properly aerated water, fish cannot thrive. Therefore, any fish in John's pool will not thrive.
Which one of the following arguments contains an error of reasoning that is also contained in the argument above?

A. If alum is added to pickle brine, brine can replace the water in the pickles. Therefore, since Pauls does not add alum to her pickle brine, the water in the pickles cannot be replaced by brine. Unless their water is replaced with brine, pickles will not stay crisp. Thus, Paula's pickles will not stay crisp.
B. If pectin is added to jam, the jam will gel. Without a setting agent such as pectin, jam will not gel. So in order to make his jam gel, Harry should add a setting agent such as pectin to the jam.
C. If stored potatoes are not exposed to ethylene, the potatoes will not sprout. Beets do not release ethylene. Therefore, if Sara stores her potatoes together with beets, the potatoes will not sprout.
D. If a carrot patch is covered with mulch in the fall, the carrots can be left in the ground until spring. Without a mulch cover, carrots stored in the ground can suffer frost damage. Thus, since Kevin covers his carrot patch with mulch in the fall, the carrots can safely be left in the ground.
E. If tomatoes are not stored in a dark place, their seeds sometimes sprout. Sprouted seeds can make tomatoes inedible. Therefore, since Maria does not store her tomatoes in a dark place, some of Maria's tomatoes could be inedible.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 本题的论证把某一件事成立的一个条件当作了它的一个必要条件来推理，从而得出了不正确的结论。选项(A)中的明矾加入泡菜的盐水只是盐水可以取代泡菜中的水分的一个条件，而非必要条件；而作者在论证中却把它当必要条件来使，显然犯了与本题的题干中的论证相一致的推理错误。(B)、(C)、(D)和(E)四选项一开始提出的某一命题成立的条件都是该命题成立的必要条件，因此它们的推理方式都是正确的。

单选题 A wildlife preserve is being planned for 3,000 rhinoceroses. The preserve is to contain a total of 10,000 acres of watering area, plus 100 acres of grazing area for each rhinoceros. If the number of rhinoceroses is expected to increase by 10 percent, how many thousand acres should the preserve have in order to provide for the increased population?

A. 340
B. 330
C. 320
D. 310
E. 300

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 正确解答该题的关键是对题意的确切理解。题目中的“a total of”指水域面积是不变的，不会随犀牛数量的增加而增加，each指每增加一头犀牛所需的草地，the increased population指增加后的犀牛数目，由以上分析可得： 10000+100×3000(1+10%) =340000 =340 thousand

单选题 Scientists have rediscovered certain food crops, once commonly cultivated in the New World, which contain more protein per pound than do current staple food crops such as rice and wheat. Scientists claim that cultivation of these crops could greatly benefit densely populated countries that have low per-person calorie intake and inadequate source of protein.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the claim made above?

A. The average yield per acre of the rediscovered crops is substantially less than that of the current staple food crops.
B. Many important food crops, such as tomato, originated in the New World.
C. Wheat yields more protein per pound than does rice.
D. The rediscovered crops have more caloric per pound than do current, staple food crops.
E. As few as 20 different food crops provide the bulk of the planet's food supply.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 本题根据每磅这种谷物的蛋白质含量高于其他主要农作物而做出这种谷物对人口稠密、人均摄入量低和蛋白质来源不足的国家有好处的结论。很显然本题的结论是以这种谷物的产量比其他主要农作物高或至少不能比其他农作物的明显地低为前提。(A)指出“新发现的农作物的每亩平均产量比目前粮食作物产量低得多，从而严重地削弱了结论所依赖的一个前提条件，因此(A)正确。(B)和(E)为无关选项；(C)和(D)引入新的比较，所以也都为错误选项。

单选题 False rumors of fiscal improprieties damage the reputation of a bank. If management does not attempt to refute these rumors, they will circulate and eventually destroy customer confidence. But if management makes an effort to refute them, the refutation will raise more suspicions than it allays.
If all of the statements above are true, which of the following must on the basis of them be true?

A. The reputation of a bank cannot be influenced by heavy advertising campaigns.
B. True rumors of fiscal improprieties do not do as much damage to customer confidence in a bank as false rumors do.
C. The best strategy for bank managers to adopt in the face of false rumors of fiscal improprieties is to address them directly.
D. Management cannot prevent already existing false rumors of fiscal improprieties from threatening a bank's reputation.
E. A bank's reputation for fiscal responsibility can be enhanced by favorable word of mouth.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】

单选题 Tom: Employers complain that people graduating from high school too often lack the vocational skills required for full-time employment. Therefore, since these skills are best acquired on the job, we should require high school students to work at part-time jobs so that they acquire the skills needed for today's job market.
Mary: There are already too few part-time jobs for students who want to work, and simply requiring students to work will not create jobs for them.
Which one of the following most accurately describes how Mary's response is related to Tom's argument?

A. It analyzes an undesirable result of undertaking the course of action that Tom recommends.
B. It argues that Tom has mistaken an unavoidable trend for an avoidable one.
C. It provides information that is inconsistent with an explicitly stated premise in Tom's argument.
D. It presents a consideration that undercuts an assumption on which Tom's argument depends.
E. It defends an alternative solution to the problem that Tom describes.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] Tom认为兼职工作可以使高中生获得职业技巧，而Mary则表明兼职工作太少，也即Mary的应答削弱了Tom的论证所依赖的假设，因此(D)为正确答案。

单选题 If the sum of a set of ten different positive prime numbers is an even number, which of the following prime numbers CANNOT be in the set?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 5
D. 7
E. 11

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 根据本章前一部分的综述，可知偶数个奇数和是偶数。在五个选项中惟一是偶数的质数是2，若2在此集合中必有9个奇数在该集合中，其和必是一个奇数。 Questions92-93 refer to the following definition.

单选题 Working independently, Tina can do a certain job in 12 hours. Working independently, Ann can do the same job in 9 hours. If Tina works independently at the job for 8 hours and then Ann works independently, how many hours will it take Ann to complete the remainder of the job?

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】[解析] 根据题意可知，Tina每小时完成这项工作的[*]，Ann每小时可以完成这项工作的[*]，设Ann还要花x小时来完成这项工作的剩余部分，则有： [*]

单选题 Over the last century, paleontologists have used small differences between fossil specimens to classify Triceratops into sixteen species. This classification is unjustified, however, since the specimens used to distinguish eleven of the species come from animals that lived in the same area at the same time.
Which of the following, if true, would enable the conclusion of the argument to be properly drawn?

A. Not every species that lived in a given area is preserved as a fossil.
B. At least one individual of every true species of Triceratops has been discovered as a fossil specimen.
C. No geographical area ever supports more than three similar species at the same time.
D. In many species, individuals display quite marked variation.
E. Differences between fossil specimens of Triceratops that came from the same area are no less distinctive than differences between specimens that came from different areas.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 本题貌似归纳，实为支持。如果没有一个地域区域在同一时代会有超过三种相似的种类居住，正如(C)所说，关于Triceratops的11类标本都来自于同一地区同一时代，那么必定样本的区分有误，因此这种划分不正确。所以(C)正确。

单选题 If n is a positive integer, then n(n+1)(n+2) is

A. even only when n is even
B. even only when n is odd
C. odd whenever n is odd
D. divisible by 3 only when n is odd
E. divisible by 4 whenever n is even

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】[解析] n(n+1)(n+2)是三个连续正整数的乘积，而根据连续整数的性质可知，无论n取何数，他们三个数中一定有一个偶数，且一定有一个数是3的倍数，所以n(n+1)(n+2)一定是偶数，且能被3整除；若n是偶数时，则n+2也一定是偶数，所以此时n(n+1)(n+2)也一定能被4整除。

单选题 John: I have tried several different types of psychotherapy at various times in my life: three kinds of "talk" therapy (Freudian, Rogerian, and cognitive) and also behavior therapy. Since the periods when I was in therapy were the least happy times of my life, I have concluded that psychotherapy cannot work for me.
Which of the following statements, if true, would most weaken John's conclusion?

A. Behavior therapy is designed to address different problems from those addressed by "talk" therapies.
B. The techniques used in behavior therapy are quite different from those used in "talk" therapies.
C. People who try several different types of psychotherapy tend to be happier than people who try only one type of psychotherapy.
D. People who try several different types of psychotherapy are more likely to find one that works for them than are people who try only one type of psychotherapy.
E. People undergoing psychotherapy that ultimately works are often unhappy while they are in therapy.

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】

单选题 In how many different ways can 3 people be assigned to fill 3 different positions so that each person is assigned to exactly one position?

A. Twelve
B. Nine
C. Six
D. Three
E. One

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 把这三个职位固定为1，2，3，然后求这三个人有多少种不同的排列来占取这三个位置，其排列数为[*]，所以共有6种不同的分配方法。

单选题 Politician: Pundits claim that by voting for candidates who promise to cut taxes, people show that they want the government to provide fewer services than it has been providing. By that reasoning, however, people who drink too much alcohol at a party in the evening want a headache the next morning.
Which of the following could replace the statement about people who drink too much without undermining the force of the politician's argument?

A. People who spend more money than they can afford want the things they spend that money on.
B. People who seek different jobs than they currently have do not want to work at all.
C. People who buy new cars want to own cars that are under manufacturer's warranty.
D. People who decide to stay in bed a few extra minutes on a workday morning want to have to rush to arrive at work on time.
E. People who buy lottery tickets want the economic freedom that winning the lottery would bring.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 许多人本题出错的原因主要在于没有把问题目的的意思理解明白。本题让我们去寻求一个选项在不削弱政治家的论断的前提下替代人们过量饮酒的典故。(D)说明一个人在工作日的早晨在床上多呆几分钟，就是希望必然是不得不匆匆忙忙按时上班，这个推理荒谬之极，与上面段落中“在晚间宴会上饮用酒精过多的人就是希望第二天早上头痛”思路一样，因此(D)正确。

单选题 Why should the government, rather than industry or universities, provide the money to put a network of supercomputers in place? Because there is a range of problems that can be attacked only with the massive data-managing capacity of a supercomputer network. No business or university has the resources to purchase by itself enough machines for a whole network, and no business or university wants to invest in a part of a network if no mechanism exists for coordinating establishment of the network as a whole.
Which one of the following indicates a weakness in the argument?

A. It does not furnish a way in which the dilemma concerning the establishment of the network can be resolved.
B. It does not establish the impossibility of creating a supercomputer network as an international network.
C. It fails to address the question of who would maintain the network if the governments, rather than industry or universities provides the money for establishing it.
D. It takes for granted and without justification that it would enhance national preeminence in science for the government to provide the network.
E. It overlooks the possibility that businesses or universities, or both, could cooperate to build the network.

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】[解析] 本题段落论述所犯的一个致命的逻辑错误就是认为对某个个体适用的原则，对包含这个个体的整体或整体的一部分也适用。单个企业或学校不具有购买整个网络的机器的财力，但是多个企业，多个学校或多个企业与多个学校联合就有可能具备购买整个网络的财力。因此上述论述忽视了企业或大学或它们两者可以合作建设网络的可能性，也即选项(E)为正确答案。(A)、(B)、(C)和(D)都与本题的论述无关。

单选题 The operation * is defined as follows：

. What is the value of (6)*(4)? (A) -5 (B) -1 (C)

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】[解析] 根据定义把(6)*(4)直接代入[*]可得： [*]

单选题 The cost C of manufacturing a certain product can be estimated by the formula C=0, 03rst², where r and 8 are the amounts, in pounds, of the two major ingredients and t is the production time in hours. If r is increased by 50 percent, s is increased by 20 percent，and t is decreased by 30 percent, by approximately what percent will the estimated cost of manufacturing the product change?

A. 40%increase
B. 12%increase
C. 4%increase
D. 12%decrease
E. 24%decrease

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 变化后的r，s和t分别为1.5r，1.2s，0.7t，根据题意可得该产品的估计成本变化的百分比为：[*]11.8%又因为1.5×1.2×0.72＜1，所以成本将减少大约12%。

单选题 TOTAL EXPENSES FOR THE HVE DIVISIONSOF COMPANY H

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] (1)充分，根据x=94，其中x为R扇形的圆心角，可以得到R部的花费[*]，400,000=1,410,000；(2)不充分，因为根据S和T的花费是R部花费的2倍，即S+T=2R无法说明R到底在圆中占多大比例。

单选题 During his three years in office, the governor of a state has frequently been accused of having sexist attitudes toward women. Yet he has filled five of the nineteen vacant high-level positions in his administration with women appointees, all of whom are still serving. This shows that the governor is not sexist.
Which of the following statements, if true, would most seriously weaken the conclusion above?

A. One of the women appointed by the governor to a highlevel position is planning to resign her post.
B. The platform of the governor's political party required him to appoint at least five women to high-level positions.
C. Forty-seven percent of the women who voted in the state gubernatorial election three years ago voted for the governor.
D. A governor of a neighboring state recently appointed seven women to high-level positions.
E. The governor appointed two Black Americans, two Hispanic Americans, and one Asian American to high-level positions in his administration.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 本题推理也是由一个事实“某州长在19个高层职位空缺中用了5名女性”，得出一个解释性结论“州长不是性别歧视者”。反对思路比较固定。如果党纲要求州长至少任命5名女性，如(B)所说，就从另外一个角度对上述事实提出解释，从而起到了反对作用，所以(B)正确。(A)中的“一就职高层的女性打算辞职”与“州长是否性别歧视”无直接关系，这名女性要辞职可以有许多原因；(C)讨论的“三年前”与推理毫无关系；(D)中的“邻州的州长”与我们探讨的“某州州长”无关；(E)支持了州长不是一个racialist，但与本题探讨的“是否性别歧视”无关。

单选题 Since 1975 there has been in the United States a dramatic decline in the incidence of traditional childhood diseases such as measles. This decline has been accompanied by an increased incidence of Peterson's disease, a hitherto rare viral infection, among children. Few adults, however, have been affected by the disease.
Which of the following, if true, would best help to explain the increased incidence of Peterson's disease among children?

A. Hereditary factors determine in part the degree to which a person is susceptible to the virus that causes Peterson's disease.
B. The decrease in traditional childhood diseases and the accompanying increase in Peterson's disease have not been found in any other country.
C. Children who contract measles develop an immunity to the virus that causes Peterson's disease.
D. Persons who did not contract measles in childhood might contract measles in adulthood, in which case the consequences of the disease would generally be more severe.
E. Those who have contracted Peterson's disease are at increased risk of contracting chicken pox.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 正确答案应能解释麻疹发病率的下降和Peterson病发病率的上升。(C)指出得过麻疹的儿童形成了Peterson的免疫力，既然麻疹发病率少了，那么更少的儿童有对Peterson的免疫力，因此，随着前者的下降而后者上升，所以(C)正确；(A)指出遗传因素的作用，但并不能解释为什么Peterson发病率上升；(B)中的“其他任何国家”，与“美国”无关；(D)、(E)均不能起到解释作用。

单选题 Ounce for ounce, blends of different artificial sweeteners match any individual artificial sweetener in sweetening power. When used to sweeten food, blends greatly decrease the likelihood that consumers will exceed acceptable daily intakes for individual sweeteners. Blends should therefore be used, rather than single sweeteners alone, since blends are clearly more healthful, yet equally effective.
The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?

A. When ingested together, different artificial sweeteners in the blends do not interact in a way that makes them harmful to human health.
B. Different artificial sweeteners, when used together in food, do not contribute a more desirable flavor to the food than would any one of them by itself.
C. The acceptable daily intake for any given artificial sweetener is a conservative figure that could probably be greatly exceeded at little or no risk.
D. Consumers who substitute artificial sweeteners for sugar in their diets generally keep track of their daily intake of different sweeteners.
E. The ill effects on health produced by the intake of excessive quantities of any single artificial sweetener cannot be reversed by reducing intake later.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 本题是由一个事实而得出一个结论：“Blends should be used”，并且又对得出的这一结论进行了解释“since blends are clearly more healthful，yet equally effective”。一般地，当原因放在结论之后表示强调原因的重要性或惟一性。所以上述推理成立所依赖的假设应为“除了A以外没有别的原因影响B”，若混合物一块消化时，不会相互作用以至于对健康有害，如(A)所说，就是一个很好的假设。可以对(A)进行取非验证，即若混合物一起消化会产生负作用，那么上面的“Blends should be used”必然不对，所以(A)必定正确。

单选题

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 仅知道PQ的长，求不出PQ与SR的乘积，所以(1)不充分；PQ与SR长度的乘积等于△PQR面积的两倍，且等于QR与PR的乘积，所以(2)充分。

单选题 On a certain day it took Bill three times as long to drive from home to work as it took Sue to drive from home to work. How many Kilometers did Bill drive from home to work?
(1)Sue drove 10 kilometers from home to work, and the ratio of was the same for Bill and Sue that day.

(2)The ratio of for Sue that day was 64 kilometers per hour.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 从(1)中可知，Bill和Sue两人上班的开车速度是一样的，而Bill所用的时间是Sue的3倍，所以Bill的家离公司的距离为Sue的3倍，即为3×10=30公里，所以(1)充分；(2)明显不充分，因为它没给出Sue开车上班的速度与Bill开车上班的路程之间的关系。

单选题 "Headhunters" are firms that, for a fee, undertake to recruit for their clients personnel who are greatly needed yet hard to find. The clients, in turn, require that they be offlimits to headhunters whose services they buy; i.e., headhunters cannot raid one client's staff on behalf of other clients.
Of the following, which would, if feasible, be the best strategy for a company to pursue if that company wanted both to use headhunters to fill a vacancy and, if successful in filling the vacancy, to reduce the risk of losing the newly hired employee to a competitor?

A. Find out which headhunters recruit workers of the sort being sought and employ all those headhunters.
B. Find out which headhunter has the highest success rate in recruiting for its clients and hire that firm.
C. Find out how much the company's competitors currently pay staff of the sort being sought and offer to pay prospective employees higher salaries.
D. Find out whether any of the company's competitors are seeking to recruit workers of the sort being sought and, if so, make sure not to hire the same headhunters that they hire.
E. Find out which of the company's competitors are on the client lists of the headhunters who are being considered for the job.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】

单选题 Do strong electric currents, by means of the electromagnetic fields that accompany them, cause cancer in people who live and work nearby? Telephone line workers, who work near such currents every day, can provide a test case. They show elevated levels of brain cancer; therefore, the hypothesis of electromagnetic causation is supported.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

A. Burying power lines and other measures to protect the public from such electromagnetic fields would be prohibitively expensive.
B. Telephone line workers are exposed to levels of chemical solvents high enough to cause brain cancer.
C. High exposure to strong electromagnetic fields is correlated with a slightly higher-than-normal incidence of childhood leukemia, which is a form of cancer.
D. Public health officials who found that a group of different illnesses in people living near a power substation could not reliably be attributed to its electromagnetic field were accused of covering up the facts.
E. Telephone line workers, like most people have electrical appliances at home, and most electrical appliances, when turned on, are surrounded by an electromagnetic field of some measurable level.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 本题属于典型的“B，A”类型的反对。反对思路是“除了A之外有其他原因导致B”。(B)说明电话线工人接触了过量的化学溶液，而这足以导致脑癌，表明“过量的化学溶液导致脑癌”，很好地用“有他因”来反对上面的结论。(A)只是提供了一种不可行的解决方案，不能起到反对的作用；(C)谈的是另外一个对象“白血症”与“脑癌”无关；(D)什么也说明不了；(E)起到了支持作用。

单选题 How does a building contractor most readily prove compliance with the building codes governing new construction? By using those established technologies that the authors of the codes had in mind when setting specifications. This, unfortunately, means that there will never be any significant technological innovation within the industry.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the conclusion above?

A. Among the authors of codes governing new construction are people who were formerly building contractors.
B. The authors of codes governing new construction are under pressure to set rigorous specifications.
C. What are now regarded as established technologies were once so innovative that the authors of the codes then applicable could not have foreseen them.
D. Noncompliance with the codes governing new construction can prove extremely costly to the building contractor in charge of the project.
E. The established technologies of one country's building industry can be very different from those of another's.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】

单选题 One way to judge the performance of a company is to compare it with other companies. This technique, commonly called "benchmarking," permits the manager of a company to discover better industrial practices and can provide a justification for the adoption of good practices.
Any of the following, if true, is a valid reason for benchmarking the performance of a company against companies with which it is not in competition rather than against competitors EXCEPT:

A. Comparisons with competitors are most likely to focus on practices that the manager making the comparisons already employs.
B. Getting "inside" information about the unique practices of competitors is particularly difficult.
C. Since companies that compete with each other are likely to have comparable levels of efficiency, only benchmarking against noncompetitors is likely to reveal practices that would aid in beating competitors.
D. Managers are generally more receptive to new ideas that they find outside their own industry.
E. Much of the success of good companies is due to their adoption of practices that take advantage of the special circumstances of their products of markets.

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】[解析] 本题主要是读懂问题目的。benchmark基准点(测量人员在岩石、混凝土等上面刻下的标记用以测量相对高度)；(供比较之用的)样板或参照点。