单选题 The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).
Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses (假设) and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited (使不相信). The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.
The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable, he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy.
Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes, for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.
Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago, however one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic (抱歉) about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries, they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.

单选题 To define science we may simply call it ______.

单选题 Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope, ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 此题答案见最后一段第四句：one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell(人们应该记住，显微镜的发明一定早于细胞的发现)，不难理解，显微镜的发明是发现细胞的先决条件。此处的逻辑是：发现显微镜的原理属于纯科学领域，应用这一原理来制作显微镜则属于应用科学领域，显微镜的应用又导致了新的发现——细胞的发现，故选项B正确。

单选题 A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach ______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 此题答案见第四段：Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science.(实际上，有两种基本方法可以发现新的信息。其一为以满足好奇心为目的，被称为纯科学。)科学家因为对氧气感兴趣才去进行相关的研究，以满足他的好奇心，这种方法应属于文中“纯科学”的内容，故选项C正确。

单选题 Which of the following statements does the author imply?

单选题 The best title for the passage is ______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 回答此题必须清楚文章每一部分的主要内容，然后进行综合。文章第一段是对科学的界定，第二段强调了在科学领域里区别事实和虚构的重要性，第三段谈到了科学的目的，第四段是对科学的分类，第五段强调了纯科学的先导作用。概括起来应是A的含义，即科学的性质与科学家。而选项B、C、D表达的内容都过于狭隘，不足以概括整篇文章的主旨。