翻译题 Emily wanted to see other people. Stuart had enjoyed a string of short-term relationships but realized that he needed more commitment. After years of uncertainty and making do, Fiona decided to follow her heart. Most found the decision emotional and stressful and felt guilty. Some worried that they were being superficial—but freely admitted they were leaving for the money.
The stress of ending their relationship with an academic research career was difficult for these young scientists and others. Most of them, after a while, realized that they had made the right decision. Still, a few later regretted what they decided had been a toohasty exit, and wanted to patch things up. Such is life.
【F1】Most importantly, all these people believe that they have learned from the experience and want to help others—people like you—who might be experiencing or considering a break-up. Their advice is the same as that offered by friends, family and advice columnists for centuries: if you're not happy, then it's not right.
【F2】Produced by the Careers Research and Advisory Centre in Cambridge, UK, with help from others, the report What Do Research Staff Do Next? analyses survey responses of hundreds of former full-time academic researchers from across Europe who left to pursue other careers. Forget the redundant cliches. These were no "failures" or people who "couldn't cope with the pace". More than three-quarters of them had published as a principal author and one-fifth had published a paper in a high-impact journal. One-quarter had managed to secure a competitive grant.
Nor were they wide-eyed youngsters, rudely put in their place by the reality of the workplace. Most were in their thirties and almost one-third had a decade's experience. 【F3】They changed their minds for three main reasons: they wanted better long-term prospects, they wanted more job security and they were no longer prepared to be employed on short-term and fixed contracts.
In most cases, they got what they wanted. More than four in five were satisfied in their new jobs. Many had managed to stay in touch with science, and worked in a related function such as administration, outreach or publishing.
Science should wish them well.【F4】As Nature has pointed out a regular flow of bright highly trained and scientifically literate workers heading into the wider world can only benefit society and science. 【F5】It is time to normalize these sideways steps, and for universities, senior scientists and research funders to accept and embrace the different paths that young researchers choose to follow. In most cases, the survey shows that these scientists were not forced out: they made an active choice to head elsewhere. And the outside world was delighted to have them.
问答题 1.【F1】
【正确答案】无论如何，他们都认为自己从转行的经历中学到了很多，并且想用自己的经验去帮助那些正准备转行或者想要尝试其他工作的人——这才是最重要的。
【答案解析】①本句为复合句，主句含有并列的两个谓语。主句主语all these people指代上文提到的那些“转行的科研人员”。②主句第一个谓语believe后接宾语从句。在该宾语从句中，learn from表示“从……中学习”，the experience指他们从转行这件事得到的经验。③主句第二个谓宾结构中，破折号之间的内容是同位语，补充说明others；该谓宾结构后接一个定语从句；在这个定语从句中，experience作动词表示“经历”,consider表示“考虑”，break-up通常指情侣分手，这里比喻“放弃科研工作、转行”；might be experiencing or considering a break-up表示“可能正准备转行或者考虑要转行”。
问答题 2.【F2】
【正确答案】英国剑桥的职业调查与咨询中心和其他的一些组织对欧洲数百名已经转行的前全职科研人员进行了调查，并在《科研人员转行后在做什么》这份报告中对调查结果进行了分析。
【答案解析】①本句是复合句。句首的Produced by…with help from others是主句主语the report的定语修饰语，说明这份调查报告由哪家机构做出；What Do Research Staff Do Next?是the report“调查报告”的题名。②谓语analyses表示“对……进行分析”。survey responses表示此次调查的结果；of hundreds of．．．researchers是介词短语修饰survey responses，表示这项调查是针对“数百名前全职科研人员”，former表示他们现在已不再从事这项工作了。③from across Europe是修饰academic researchers的后置定语，from a country／place表示“某个地方的”，from across Europe即表示“欧洲的”。④who left to pursue other careers 是定语从句，同样修饰academic researchers，不定式短语to pursue other careers可以理解为left的目的状语，即“放弃科研工作去做其他的工作”；pursue career是常见表示“从事某项职业、某一领域”的表达。
问答题 3.【F3】
【正确答案】他们换工作主要是因为以下这三个原因：他们想要一份前景更远大的工作；他们希望工作更有保障；他们对短期和固定任期的科研聘用都不再感兴趣了。
【答案解析】①本句是由冒号连接的并列句，冒号后是three main reasons的具体内容。在第一个原因they wanted better long-term prospects中，better long-term prospects在形容一份工作时，指的是这个工作有比较好的前景。②在第二个原因中，security表示“安全，保障”，job security指“工作稳定，不容易失业”(正如文章中提到的，科研人员很多是短期雇佣的，所以工作不太稳定)。③在第三个原因中，be no longer prepared to…表示“不再准备做……了”：short-term and fixed修饰contracts，意为“短期和固定任期的合同”；be employed on…contracts是英文常用的表达，这里可以理解为“受(公司)聘用”。
问答题 4.【F4】
【正确答案】就像《自然》杂志所说，这些受过高等教育、有着科研背景的精英们走到“外面的世界”去只会对社会和科学界有益。
【答案解析】①本句是复合句。主句是较简单的主谓宾结构，介词短语of bright，highly trained and scientifically literate workers作后置定语修饰flow，bright在这里不是“明亮”的意思，它可以用来形容人很聪明、有智慧；literate是指“有文化的”；scientifically修饰literate，字面理解是“在科学领域有文化”，其实意思就是“科学专业出身、有科研背景”。②heading into the wider world作后置定语修饰workers，其中head作动词表示“去某个地方”；wider world是比喻科研领域以外的其他领域；a flow of workers heading into the wider world就是“这些科研人员从科研领域转到其他领域”的意思。③can only benefit表示“只会对……有利(不会有弊)”。
问答题 5.【F5】
【正确答案】是时候把科研人员转行从事其他职业看作是件很正常的事了。大学、年长的科学家和科研活动赞助者都应该接受和支持年轻科研人员去尝试其他职业。
【答案解析】①本句是复合句，主句使用了It's time(for sb．)to do sth．的结构，表示“某人是时候做某事了”。②sideways表示“向一旁的”，词组take a step sideways是常见搭配，表示“向旁边跨一步”。此句中的sideways steps比喻“科研人员选择其他职业”。③修饰scientists的senior既有“高级”，也有“年长”的意思，结合后面说的young researchers，这里senior scientists应该指“年长的科学家”。④funders指“提供资金的人、机构”；embrace意思为“拥抱”，引申义为“接受、接纳”。⑤that引导定语从句修饰the different paths。