阅读理解 After clashes between riot police and protesters, workers at the Keihin Hotel in Tokyo were forcibly ejected on January 25th. They had been fired in October when the hotel went bankrupt, but decided to keep it running—an example of the lengths to which people will go to keep their jobs in Japan, where unemployment is suddenly rising at an alarming rate. Over 150,000 people are expected to lose their jobs between October and March. Hisashi Yamada of the Japan Research Institute expects 1.5 million job losses by the end of next year, lifting the unemployment rate from 4% last year to over 6%. Though low by international standards, yet that is exceptionally high in Japan.
Hardest hit will be "non-regular" workers—those who work part-time, as day-laborers, for a fixed duration, or under agency contracts. "Regular" workers enjoy benefits such as housing, bonuses, training and(usually)lifetime employment, but non-regular workers earn as little as 40% of the pay for the same work, and do not receive training, pensions or unemployment insurance. In the past 20 years their numbers have grown to one-third of all workers.
For years most Japanese ignored their predicament. But now their problems have erupted into plain sight. In January around 500 recently fired, homeless people set up a tent village in Hibiya Park—a highly visible spot in the centre of Tokyo. Politicians and television news crews flocked to the scene. The embarrassed city government eventually found accommodation for the park's homeless in unused city-owned buildings, though it put them up for only a week.
The problem is that Japan lacks a social safety net, says Makoto Yuasa, the organizer of the Hibiya tent village, who dropped out of a PhD program at Tokyo University to help homeless people. Because families or companies traditionally looked after people, the state did not have to. Moreover, there is a stigma in Japan if an unemployed person asks for help: "If you don't work, you don't deserve to eat", the saying goes.
Yet there are signs of change. The main political parties recognize the need to establish better support and training for non-regular workers. And there is even a new government program to help unemployed foreign workers, such as Brazilians who worked at car factories, so that they do not leave Japan if they are laid off. With a shrinking population and workforce, losing skilled hands would only compound the country's woes when the economy eventually recovers.
单选题 16.We can infer from the event of Keihin Hotel in Japan that
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】事实细节题。考查例证细节。根据Keihin Hotel定位到第一段。例子要说明的情况通常出现在例子的前面或者后面。该段提到的Keihin Hotel事件是人们为了保住自己的饭碗不遗余力的一个例子。故选A项。
单选题 17.The main difference between regular workers and non-regular workers lies in
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】事实细节题。考查转折细节,答案在第二段。题干问的是正式工和非正式工的主要差别。文中提到正式工能享受住房、奖金、培训等福利,但是非正式工却没有,故选C项。
单选题 18.The word "predicament"(Line 1, Paragnph 3)most probably means
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】词义理解题。答案在第三段。predicament一词出现在第三段首句中,通常段落的首句往往起到承上启下的作用,第二段主要讲非正式工所承受的不公待遇及所遭遇的问题。而第三段第二句指出非正式 工的难题已是有目共睹,那么之前那句话中过往人们忽略的便是他们的“困境”,故选A项“困境”。
单选题 19.The text suggests that tent village in Hibiya Park has
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】推理判断题。根据Hibiya Park定位到第三段。该段提到Hibiya公园的帐篷村促使很多政府部门和政客们纷纷关注并开始着手解决这一问题,故选D项。
单选题 20.Which of the following is true according to the text?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】事实细节题。迅速浏览选项,根据A、B项中的unemployment定位到第一段,该段提到尽管根据国际标准日本的失业率还算是低的,但是在日本国内这一比率已是奇高无比了,故选B项。