【答案解析】Ever since nuclear weapons came into being, mankind has been living under the enormous shadow of the threat of a nuclear war. To achieve the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for a world free of nuclear weapons is the common aspiration of all peace-loving people. It is also a goal that China has all along been advocating and pursuing with unremitting efforts.
Back in the early 1960s, the Chinese Government issued a solemn statement, calling for the convening of a summit of world leaders to discuss the issue of complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. As a nuclear-weapon state, China has never evaded its responsibilities in nuclear disarmament.
It is solely for the purpose of self-defense that China has developed limited nuclear capabilities. And we have faithfully abided by our commitment that we will not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances and that we will unconditionally not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones. In fact, we are the only nuclear-weapon state that has undertaken such a commitment and this policy will not change in the future. [解析] 全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，实现无核武器世界，是一切热爱和平人们的共同夙愿，也是中国一贯倡导并不懈追求的目标。
参考译文为了突出“实现无核武器世界是中国的追求”这一信息点，将这部分单独翻译为一个完整的句子，强调了中国的核政策。
To achieve the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for a world free of nuclear weapons is the common aspiration of all peace-loving people. It is also a goal that China has all along been advocating and pursuing with unremitting efforts.
在20世纪60年代初，中国政府就郑重发表声明，倡议召开世界各国首脑会议，讨论全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器问题。
“郑重发表声明”，参考译文将“郑重”这个副词翻译为形容词，转而修饰“声明”，译为“issued a solemn statement”。“全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器”译为“complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons”，为特定的表达，常在词汇考查部分出现，需要考生掌握。
Back in the early 1960s, the Chinese Government issued a solemn statement, calling for the convening of a summit of world leaders to discuss the issue of complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons.
中国发展有限的核力量，完全是为了自卫。
这句话强调的内容是“中国发展核力量是为了自卫”，也就是“发展的目的”，参考译文使用了“It is...that...”的强调句型，将目的强调出来。
It is solely for the purpose of self-defense that China has developed limited nuclear capabilities.
中国始终恪守在任何时候和任何情况下都不首先使用核武器，无条件不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用或威胁使用核武器的承诺，是唯一做出上述承诺的核武器国家。中国这一政策今后也不会改变。
“始终恪守”可译为“faithfully abide by”。这两句话首先介绍了中国使用核武器的原则，到“承诺”为止，后面主要是说中国是唯一做出这样承诺的国家且中国的这一原则不会改变。因此，可将原文两句话中的第一句的最后一个部分拿出来与第二句话放在一起，按照逻辑关系组装句子，更便于理解。
And we have faithfully abided by our commitment that we will not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances and that we will unconditionally not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones. In fact, we are the only nuclear-weapon state that has undertaken such a commitment and this policy will not change in the future.