单选题 Once the hard decisions have been made about how to treat a patient's cancer, doctors face an even more difficult question: how do you help patients deal with the side effects of treatment?
The issue is a challenge for physicians because, unlike with cancer therapies, there are few scientific studies on the most effective ways to handle the side effects—including common symptoms such as poor sleep or fatigue. But addressing these seemingly common complications (并发症) is crucial for helping patients maintain their regular lifestyle, which in turn may even encourage the success of their cancer treatment.
That's why Dr. Karen Mustian of the University of Rochester Medical Center decided to put a favorite practice of cancer survivors—yoga—to the test. In a paper, she will present at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (肿瘤学) (ASCO) annual meeting in June, Mustian designed a standardized program based on hatha yoga—a slow-moving form of the discipline—and tested its effect on improving the quality of life for cancer survivors.
Called YOCAS, the four-week program involved sessions of hatha yoga twice a week for 75 minutes each, in combination with breathing exercises and meditation (冥想). Among the 410 participants, who were divided into yoga and traditional follow-up care groups, those practicing yoga recorded nearly double the improvement in sleep quality and reduction of fatigue compared to those not practicing yoga. They also reported better quality of life overall, Mustian says.
For cancer physicians, the findings will be a welcome addition to their discussions with patients. 'Many patients ask about complementary (互补的) therapies, whether they are exercise or meditation or yoga,' says Dr. Douglas Blayney, medical director of the comprehensive cancer center at University of Michigan and president of ASCO. 'I often don't know what to tell them because there isn't a lot of science on these complementary therapies. Here is a scientific study showing benefit, so at least we can have some assurance in telling them that here is a yoga program, here are its characteristics and it has been shown to have beneficial effects on sleep and quality of life.'

单选题 What bothers the cancer physicians after determining the treatment plan? ______

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】意外死亡人数年复一年保持稳定，这种现象一直困扰着社会科学家。一个名为Gerald Wilde的加拿大心理学家对这一现象产生了极大兴趣。他注意到，虽然有技术进步和安全标准的提高，西方世界的暴力和意外死亡率在整个世纪中保持着奇怪的恒定(static)。Gerald Wilde开发了一种名为“风险平衡”的理论。根据这一理论，当事情已经变得更加安全，人们会以某种方式回到原有的风险水平。例如，从数字统计的角度说，开快车、鲁莽开车(导致的死亡人数的增加)抵消了系安全带(引起的死亡人数减少)的好处。影响寿命的因素远比我们所认为的要更加复杂。现在看来，如果你想长寿，它不是单纯吃正确的食物、不吸烟、小心驾驶等，还必须有正确的态度。科学家发现，疑心重的人比乐观豁达的人早逝。推理判断题。题干问的是“长期困扰社会科学家的问题是什么”，且由social scientists，puzzled等词可以定位到第一段，第一段最后一句It just happens that they follow a consistent pattern year after year，与选项B“死亡人数年复一年保持稳定”相吻合，故答案为B。A“死亡率不能被预测”与文意不符，C“不存在每种死亡类型的配额”和D“每年都有人因为这样或那样的原因丢了性命”并非困扰科学家的内容。

单选题 Why is it significant to help patients deal with the side effects of cancer treatment? ______

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知：虽然有技术进步和安全标准的提高，但西方世界的暴力和意外死亡率在整个世纪中保持着奇怪的恒定(static)，由此推断出“技术进步和安全标准的提高并未降低各种原因的死亡人数”，故答案为D。A“已经帮助解决了如此高的死亡率的问题”，与文中内容不符；B“为过去一个世纪的死亡率做了很好的解释”属于无中生有，C“降低了因暴力和意外死亡而引起的死亡率”，与文意不符。

单选题 Dr. Mustian designed a standardized program ______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】细节理解题由题干“根据体内风险平衡理论，某些交通事故的发生是由于什么原因”，可定位到第二段。在第二段靠后，作者先列举交通事故的例子，然后在最后一句得出结论：It appears, then, that we have an innate need for danger.“我们有天生的冒险欲望”，故答案为A；B“开快车，鲁莽开车”、C“无视安全带的好处”、D“对超速行驶的本能兴趣”均不符合文意。

单选题 What does the experiment done by Dr. Mustian show? ______

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】细节理解题。由题干可知：从数字统计的角度说，开快车、鲁莽开车(导致的死亡人数的增加)抵消了系安全带(引起的死亡人数减少)的好处。cancel out解释为“抵消”。所以C项“因为其他原因引起的死亡抵消了系安全带的好处”符合题意，故答案为C。A和D都包含系安全带没有好处的意思，不符合文中内容，作者并没有否定系安全带的好处。B“系安全带与不系安全带的死亡人数一样”，文中无此意。