单选题
There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering (1) questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between (2) phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that (3) to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and (3) for applying the findings of science. Another (5) between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. Progress in science (6) the human factor. Scientists, who seek to understand the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of (7) and certainty, cannot (8) their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or (9) people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is (10) than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But (11) so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air. (12) science, progress in technology must be measured (13) the human factor. The purpose of technology is to serve people—people (14) , not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to (15) advantage for themselves. We are all familiar with the (16) use of technology. Many people blame technology itself (17) widespread pollution, resource depletion (枯竭) and even social decay in general—so much (18) the promise of technology is " (19) " That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not (20) a better world, what else will?
【答案解析】首先排除用人作主语的[B]assume“设想,假定”和[C]intend“想要,打算”。根据文意,这里讲述理论的目的或用途,而不是理论的证明作用,所以排除[D]prove“证明,证实”,因此选[A],serve意为“适用,有用”,如:A simple example will serve to illustrate this point.“一个简单的例子就能解释这一点。”
【答案解析】这段主要讲述科学的发展不考虑人的因素,而技术的进步必须根据它带给人们的用途来衡量。根据文意,只能选择[B],excludes意为“把……排斥在外,不容许……的存在”,如:The universal truth excludes all doubt.“普遍真理不容任何怀疑。”其他选项不合文意。[A]distracts“分神,打扰”,如:The noise in the street distracted me from my reading.“街上的喧闹声使我不能专注读书。”[C]expels“把……开除,驱逐”。[D]disposes“处理,处置”,如:dispose of the old newspapers“把旧报纸处理掉”。
单选题
[A] in terms of [B] by means of [C] by virtue of [D] as a result of
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】该句说明衡量技术进步的根据,所以选[A],in terms of意为“依据,按照”,其他选项不合文意。[B]by means of“借助于,用”,通常指使用某个方法或系统,如:lift a weight by means of a lever“用杠杆抬起重物”。[C]by virtue of“凭借,由于”,如:She became a British citizen by virtue of her marriage.“她因为结婚而变成了英国公民。”[D]as a result of“由于……的结果”。
单选题
[A] in nature [B] on average [C] on the whole [D] in general
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】根据后面的not merely some people可以判断作者在指大多数人,所以排除[A]in nature“本质上”和[B]on average“平均,一般说来”;[C]on the whole“总的来说”一般作状语修饰整个句子或某些句中成分,如:On the whole,life was much quieter after John left.“总的说来,约翰离开后,生活更安静了。”由于选择项在句中作后置定语,所以选[D],in general意为“大体上”,如:People in general will support US.“多数人们会支持我们。”
单选题
[A] take [B] gain [C] make [D] win
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】与advantage构成搭配的常用表达法为:take advantage of sth./sb.“利用某事/某人”;have/gain and advantage over“胜过,优于”,因此选[B],其他选项不合搭配或用法。
【答案解析】根据下文That promise is a cleaner and healthier world.“技术的前景是一个更清洁、更健康的世界。”可以推断现在的状况恰恰相反,所以选[C],obscured意为“被模糊的,被遮住的”,其他选项不合文意。[A]discharged“被排除的,被释放的”;[B]sophisticated“世故的,复杂的”;[D]dissolved“溶解的”。
单选题
[A] turn into [B] amount to [C] go into [D] lead to
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】lead to意为“导致”,其他选项不合文意。[A]turn into“变成”;[B]amount to“合计,等同”,如:All his fine words amount to nothing.“他的漂亮的言辞实在毫无意义。”[C]go into“进入,调查”。