单选题
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text. Choose the best word.(s) for
each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. There is concern around the apparent inability of science
education to counter current negative perceptions of science in both developing
and industrial countries. These concerns have {{U}} {{U}} 1
{{/U}} {{/U}}consensus within the science education community over the
{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}five decades that there is a need to
focus on science literacy. The framework within which this consensus initially
developed emphasized scientific knowledge and application. {{U}} {{U}}
3 {{/U}} {{/U}}, a more recent consensus that has {{U}} {{U}}
4 {{/U}} {{/U}}within sectors of the science education community is the
need to focus {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}on the literacy aspects
of science literacy. Norris and Phillips draw a {{U}} {{U}} 6
{{/U}} {{/U}}between the fundamental and derived senses of science literacy
{{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}the fundamental sense requires
proficiency in science language and thinking, {{U}} {{U}} 8
{{/U}} {{/U}}being proficient in the derived sense means being able to make
{{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}judgements on scientific social
issues. A number of researchers believe that for someone to be
judged scientifically {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}in both the
fundamental and derived sense, he or she must be first proficient in the
discourses of science, which {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}}
{{/U}}reading, writing, and talking science. In order to achieve these goals,
students must be helped to cross the {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}}
{{/U}}between the informal language they speak at home and the {{U}} {{U}}
13 {{/U}} {{/U}}language used at school, {{U}} {{U}} 14
{{/U}} {{/U}}the specialized language of science. The
uncritical belief that hands-on science activities automatically lead to
understanding has been {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}with the
realization that this is a necessary, but not essential, approach. {{U}}
{{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}is needed are minds-on experiences that
include discussion, planning, reading, and writing, as well as deliberations and
argumentation. One of the first programs that explored the integration of
language and science instruction introduced a science-content reading program
{{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}inquiry activities, science
processes, and the comprehension of written information provided for the topic
{{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The result was that both reading
and science scores {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}, as well as
student {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}toward science.
【答案解析】[解析] 逻辑语义题。空格后是five decades，根据句子时态以及意思可知，它是表示“在过去的五十年里，……”。据此判断，A项符合题意。
“过去五十年里”用“over/in the past/last five decades”表示。B项和C项都表示将来发生，D项不与时间搭配，均排除。
【答案解析】[解析] 上下文语义及名词辨析题。空格处所缺的名词作draw的宾语，由between the fundamental and derived senses of science literacy来修饰。该句接下来谈论两者之间的差别。故根据搭配和句意判断，C项为正确答案，draw/make a distinction between意为“对……加以区别”。
该句的最后表明的是fundamental sense和derived sense两者的具体情况，可视为两者的区别，并非相似点，排除B项。此处谈论的也不是共同看法或某种讨论，排除A项和D项。
【答案解析】[解析] 上下文语义及形容词辨析题。空格所缺形容词是来描述学校用的语言，另外，空格后提到的the specialized language of science也是关键的提示。由此判断，C项“学术的”符合题意，用在此处指“在学校使用的学术语言”。
一般来说，A项“熟练的语言”、B项“礼貌的语言”和D项“日常随便的语言”可以在任意场合使用，它们均与定语used at school搭配不当。
单选题
A. luckily
B. particularly
C. extraordinarily
D. individually
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 逻辑语义题。空格后面的specialized language of science是空格前the academic language used at school表示的一个内容或者一种情况。四个选项中只有particularly能引出这层关系，故B项符合题意。
A项“幸运地”、C项“极其”和D项“个别地”都无法表现句中的关系。
【答案解析】[解析] 上下文语义及名词辨析题。空格所缺少的名词需要和toward搭配并且被student修饰。此外，空格所在的整个短语as well as...也是improved的主语。四个选项中，只有C项“态度”符合，表示对某事物的态度得到改善。
A项“奉献”和B项“讨厌的人或物”与student搭配意思不通。D项作improved的主语不合适，因为我们无法“改善喜爱”。