【正确答案】The four maxims of Cooperative Principle are: QUANTITY, QUALITY, RELATION, and MANNER.
1)A: What are you reading?
B: A book.
A knows B is reading a book, and is asking about the content of the book. Simply by saying "a book", B is not offering enough information. The implicature here is: I do not want to talk to you right now. In this case, the maxim of QUANTITY is violated.
2)He is made of iron.
Our common sense tells us no human being is made of iron. Obviously this is a false statement and has violated the maxim of QUALITY. The implicature here is: he is as strong as iron.
3)A: Mrs. Smith was such a bore at the party last night.
B: It's really chilly here. I want to go out to warm up.
When A is talking about Mrs. Smith, B turns to talk about something totally irrelevant. Therefore the maxim of RELATION is violated. The implicature here is: It is impolite to say that.
4)a. Miss Smith sang "Home sweet home".
b. Miss Smith produced a series of sounds that corresponded closely with the song of "Home sweet home".
The two sentences actually are basically talking about the same thing. But sentence b is stated in such a way that makes it more obscure for the audience and therefore violates the maxim of MANNER. The implicature here is: Miss Smith does not sing well and I do not like her singing.

【答案解析】[解析] 此题考查的是格莱斯言语交际理论中的合作原则。合作原则下有四个准则：数量准则、质量准则、关系准则和方式准则。考生应掌握这四条准则的含义以及准则的违反，并且可以用它们来分析会话含义。