单选题 Over the past 30 years, the childhood obesity rate in the United States has doubled for children and tripled for adolescents. Since 95 percent of young people are enrolled in schools, many experts believe innovative school programs can go a long way to helping fight childhood obesity.
Calvary Preschool in Pittsford, Vermont, is even teaching the children how to enjoy playing outside. The idea of having to teach kids how to play outside leaves Anita Caldwell, a teacher there, {{U}}dumbfounded{{/U}}. "You just kind of take for granted that kids want to go outside and play but then you recognize, when you talk to them, that they don't," says Caldwell. "They spend their day with a large screen TV and some snacks."
Fellow teacher, Laura Peterson, agrees. "When I was growing up--'shoo!'-- out the door in the morning and you'd play outside until the streetlights came on at night." But it's different today, she says. With many parents working, it's often easier for them to have their kids play inside with a video game or watch TV
Peterson says an early childhood education class got her thinking about ways to incorporate more activity into their school day. She began to research playground equipment and found many experts recommending the benefits of "back to nature" unstructured play. Kids today are more used to structured play, where they have to follow rules, listen to a coach, or play on specific equipment. So, she says, their first big challenge was getting the kids to freely explore the things along the trail.
"When we started to go off the trail into the woods, the kids had no idea what to do. I said, 'Wow, look at all these trees, let's play!' And they kind of looked at me, 'What are you talking about?' So we had to show them how to walk on trees and how to swing off them onto other branches and see the little holes underneath that you can play in."
At a time when many schools have cut back on their physical education programs, Calvary's weekly hike day is unique. One day a week outside probably isn't enough, Peterson says. But as she watches her students run through the woods, she smiles, and says it's a good start.
单选题 What is the opinion of many experts on childhood obesity?
  • A. Schools are largely to blame for the problem.
  • B. Schools can actually do little about the problem.
  • C. Schools can play a big role in addressing the problem.
  • D. Schools are supposed to offer solutions to the problem.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 第一段介绍了美国儿童和青少年肥胖率不断攀升的问题。许多专家认为由于95%的青少年都在学校读书,因此学校的一些创新课程安排也许对解决儿童肥胖问题大有帮助。第一段并没有提到肥胖问题是谁造成的,也没有说学校应该为此负责,提供解决方案。因此正确答案是C。
单选题 The word "dumbfounded" (Para. 2) most probably means ______.
  • A. relieved
  • B. surprised
  • C. uninterested
  • D. excited
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 第二段讲到佛蒙特州的Calvary学前班甚至教孩子如何在户外玩耍。这让Anita Caldwell老师大为吃惊。因为她想当然地认为孩子当然喜欢出去玩,但她跟孩子一聊才发现,孩子们根本不喜欢这样。
单选题 Compared with the kids in the past, kids today ______.
  • A. would rather play alone
  • B. enjoy indoor activities more
  • C. prefer organized outdoor plays
  • D. spend more time playing with parents
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 第三段讲Laura Peterson老师对比了自己小时候和现在的孩子有什么不同。过去的孩子一早上就冲出门去玩,直到天黑才回家。但是现在不同了。因为父母都要上班,因此他们更愿意让孩子在家打游戏或看电视。所以现在的孩子不喜欢户外活动。
单选题 In the unstructured play, kids mostly ______.
  • A. need to follow orders strictly
  • B. learn to use basic equipment
  • C. have to work with a team
  • D. play without much restriction
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 第四段讲Laura Peterson老师比较了“回归自然”的无规则游戏和现在孩子们更习惯的有规则游戏。在有规则游戏中,孩子们需要遵守规则,听教练的话,或使用特定的器械。但在无规则游戏中,老师们遇到的第一个重大挑战就是让孩子自由地探索。也就是说没有任何限制,随便怎么玩都行。
单选题 Paragraph 5 mainly describes ______.
  • A. the kids' unfamiliarity with the woods
  • B. the kids' understanding of woods
  • C. the purpose of training kids in the woods
  • D. the benefits of playing in the woods
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 第五段介绍了孩子们最初走进树林时的茫然无措。他们根本不知道在这里应该怎么玩,一切都需要老师教他们。
单选题 Which of the following best summarizes the author's attitude toward outdoor play?
  • A. Critical.
  • B. Neutral.
  • C. Supportive.
  • D. Unclear.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 最后一段中作者说在很多学校都在削减体育课时,Calvary每周一次的远足日显得非常特别。Peterson老师说一周一次的户外活动还不够,但这已经是一个好的开端了。从作者的描述中可以看出作者对这样的做法是持肯定意见的。