单选题
At around 1.65 million years ago, another early human, Homo ergaster, started to create tools in a slightly different fashion. This so-called Acheulean tradition was the tool-making technology used for nearly the entire stone Age, and practiced until i00,000 years ago. Acheulean tools, such as hand axes arid cleavers, were larger and more sophisticated than their predecessors. They may have been status symbols as well as tools. Homo ergaster first appeared in Africa around 2 million years ago and in many ways resembled us. Though they had brow ridges, they had lost the stoop and long arms of their ancestors. They may have been even more slender than us and were probably well-adapted to running long distances. Some experts believe that they were the first to sport largely hairless bodies, and to sweat, though anther theory puts our hairlessness down to an aquatic phase. One famous example of a more modern looking early human is the Turkana boy, a teenager when he died, 1.6 million years ago in Kenya. The shape of this fossil showed that the human pelvis had reached today's narrow prop0rtions. Combined with the growing size of the human head and brain, this had far-reaching implications: human women now need help for a successful birth and human babies are born earlier, and need a longer period of childhood care, than those of apes. Meat- eating, however, may have allowed us to become early weaners. H. ergaster may have been the first early human to leave Africa. Bones dated to around 1.75 million years ago have been found in Damanisi in Georgia. Shortly afterwards, Home erectus appeared—the first early human whose fossils have been seen in large numbers outside of Africa. The first specimen discovered, a single cranium, was unearthed in Indonesia in 1891. H. erectus was highly successful, spreading to much of Asia between 1.8 and 1.5 million years ago, and surviving as recently as 27,000 years ago. This species, with a brain volume of around 1,000 cm, would have interacted with modern humans. They may have been the first people to take to the seas and habitually hunt prey such as mammoths and wild horses, although there is some debate about this. They may also have harnessed the use of fire and built the first shelters. In 2004, the remains of a tiny and mysterious human species, that may have lived as recently as 13,000 years ago, was discovered on an Indonesian island. More bones of the "hobbit", or Homo floresiensis, were uncovered in 2005 Some studies suggest it had an advanced brain and was unequivocally a separate species—but others argue that these people were modern humans suffering from a genetic disorder.
单选题
Homo ergaster was characterized by ______. A. its status symbol B. its hand axes and cleavers C. its tool-making technology D. its so-called Acheulean tradition
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】题目问匠人有什么特点。首段第1、2句提到“At around 1.65 million years ago,another early human, Homo ergaster,started to create tools in a slightly different fashion.This so-called Acheulean tradition was the tool—making technology used for nearly the entire Stone Age,and practiced until 100,000 years ago(匠人是早期人类的一种,其制造工具的方法与我们有些许不同。这种所谓的阿舍利文化是指制造工具技术,它贯穿了几乎整个石器时代直到十万年前)”。由此可见,制造工具技术是这一人族的一个特点,C项符合文意。故为答案。
单选题
Homo ergaster resembled us in many ways, for example, they ______. A. were largely hairless B. had lived in an aquatic phase C. had long arms of their ancestor D. were well-adapted to running long distances
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】题目问匠人和我们人类的相似之处体现在哪方面。第2段首句指出“Homo ergaster first appeared in Africa around 2 million years ago and in many ways resembled us(匠人最早于两百万年前出现在非洲并且同我们人类在很多方面很相似)”。紧接着文章解释了两者的相似和不同之处,特别是末句提到“Some experts believe that they were the first to sport largely hairless bodies,and to sweat...(有些专家认为匠人是最早展现他们基本不长毛的身躯和出汗的人族……)”。A项符合文意,故为答案。
单选题
Help is needed for a woman to bear a baby mainly because ______. A. human babies are larger B. human pelvis is narrower C. human babies are born earlier D. childhood care is much longer
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】题目问人类女性生育时需要助产的原因是什么。第3段第2、3句指出“The shape of this fossil showed that the human pelvis had reached today’s narrow proportions…Combined with the grow in size of the human head and brain,this had far-reaching implications:human women now need help for a successful birth...(这一化石的外形表明当时人类的骨盆已经和现在的一样窄。这一进化和人类头部和大脑的不断生长给人类带来了深远影响:人类女性需要助产才能生育成功)”。该句中this指代的是human pelvis had reached today's narrow proportions和the growing size of the human head and brain, B项符合文意,故为答案。
单选题
Homo erectus may have been ______. A. the earliest people leaving Africa B. the earliest species living in Indonesia C. the earliest humans to hunt prey habitually D. the earliest interact in with modern humans
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】题目问下列关于直立人的说法哪个正确。第3段第2句指出“They may have been the first people to take to the seas and habitually hunt prey...(直立人可能是最早走向大海的人,并且习惯于捕猎……)”。C项符合文意,故为答案。
单选题
The text is mainly about ______ . A. the interaction of early humans B. an early human, Homo ergaster C. the development of modern humans D. several early humans in human evolution