One problem with much personality research is that it examines and rates whatever traits the researchers are interested in at the time: conscientiousness, emotional stability and so on. But when we 【B1】______ someone in real life, we don't consider an array of personality measures; instead, we focus on a few【B2】______traits that sum up the 【B3】______ of the person. One is particularly anxious, another is 【B4】______ reliable, yet another is a "live wire". While we might hesitate to characterize individuals along every personality dimension, we can accurately identify them 【B5】______ their key characteristics. In research at Stanford University, Daryl Ben and Andrea Allen tested this idea by first asking college students 【B6】______ they were consistently or only occasionally friendly and then 【B7】______ their parents and friends how friendly the students were. Ben and Allen observed how the students acted under two specific conditions: 【B8】______they spoke in small groups and how quickly they【B9】______a conversation with strangers. The researchers found that students who considered themselves consistently friendly were indeed more likely to be【B10】______in both circumstances than were those who【B11】______themselves only intermittently friendly.【B12】______that, the friendliness ratings by parents and peers of the students who were consistently friendly were very similar【B13】______the students' self-ratings and【B14】______accurately how they would act in two conditions. It seems that we can【B15】______ourselves accurately and that others can rate us very well on traits【B16】______serve as our trademarks. To predict how someone will behave in a given situation, we must【B17】______the requirements of the situation with the trademark characteristics of the person【B18】______. People who are strongly of one type or【B19】______should react predictably in a given situation,【B20】______the behavior of other, more diffuse personalities is harder to anticipate.
【答案解析】解析:考查形容词辨析+上下文语义。此处句意为“那些认为自己一直友好的大学生确实比…更有可能在两种条件下都______”,根据上文提示who considered themselves consistently friendly were indeed…可以直接选出正确答案A.friendly。talkative“健谈的”,easy-going“随和的”,passionate“热情的”,均与题意不符,故排除。
【答案解析】解析:考查固定搭配。此处句意为“除此之外,一直友好的大学生的家长和同龄人对其是否友好的评价,也与大学生的自我评价非常相似”。be similar to是固定搭配,意为“与…相似,类似于…”。因此B.to为正确答案。
单选题
【B14】
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】解析:考查动词辨析+上下文语义。根据下文accurately how they would act的提示,可知B.predicted“预知(强调通过某一事实存在可以预知、得出…)符合题意,为正确答案”。indicate“指出,象征,预示(强调暗示、表明)”,propel“推进,驱使”,reflect“表明(作为某人行动的结果显示出…)”,均与题意不符,故排除。
单选题
【B15】
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】解析:考查动词辨析+上下文语义。该句里面and连接两个并列结构we can______ourselves accurately and that others can rate us very well根据下文rate的提示,可以直接选出正确答案为D.judge“评价,评定”。interpret“解释;理解”,understand“理解”,know“知道”,均与题意不符,故排除。
【答案解析】解析:考查动词辨析+上下文语义。此处句意为“我们必须要求情形与______者的标志特性一致”,很明显应该是受测试的人,the person involved符合题意,因此选B.involved。involve意为“有关的”,强调所包含的,身在其中的。needde“需要的”,related“相关的,有联系的”,correlated“有相互关联的”,均与题意不符,故排除。
单选题
【B19】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:考查固定搭配。此处句意为“那些明显是这种或那种性格的人”,one type or another为固定搭配,意为“这种或那种类型”,故C.another符合题意,为正确答案。