Traffic congestion provokes heated discussions【A1】________Washington area dinner parties. How bad is it? The average【A2】________time in the United States【A3】________from 18.2 minutes in 1983 to 20.7 in 1995, an increase of only 2.5 minutes in 12 years. 【A4】________ the time lost through delays in Washington traffic are not as great as it first seems. According to 1997 data, the average Washington area driver【A5】________76 hours in traffic jams that year. Dividing 76 hours【A6】________240 working days a year, and then for the number of commuters per day, shows the average delay per trip is only 9.5 minutes. But those days with longer delays stick in our minds.
Why is congestion【A7】________? For one thing, the combined population of Virginia, Maryland and the District increased 【A8】________2.2 million from 1980 to 1997, but the region’s population of cars, trucks and buses soared in a worse way. In addition, we 【A9】________ each vehicle farther- up from 10,315 miles in 1983 to 12,226 in 1995. This is【A10】________because real gas prices fell and incomes rose during that period. Also, most new subdivisions have low【A11】________not compatible with public transit, so 59.5 percent of all households own more than one vehicle.
How about remedies? Unfortunately, there is no way to reduce peak-hour traffic congestion that Americans will【A12】________ . Sitting in traffic has become a national pastime, and it promises【A13】________worse. Federal policies have had enormous influences【A14】________the way that the U.S. has grown. Obviously, a system so inflexible and so【A15】________toward one mode of transportation severely undermined the value of any planning.