【答案解析】原文： While it has long been a practice in Asian countries, many people in Western countries have yet to embrace that no shoes in the house rule. For many in those countries wiping their shoes before going inside is recorded as sufficient. After all, they may think a little dirt doesn’t hurt anyone, but I can give you several good reasons why people should remove their shoes before going inside their homes. Bacteria are everywhere. They collect on your shoes when you walk along sidewalks, public-toilet floors and even office carpets. In one study conducted at an American university, researchers collected microscopic germs from footwear. They found that up to 421,000 units of bacteria can collect on the outside of a single shoe, and it only takes a little bit of dirt to damage your timber floors. The more dirt you track in, the more it scratches and the more often you have to clean. The extra scrubbing will harm your floors over time. Shoes can also leave marks and scratches on floors, especially high heels or shoes with pointy or hard parts. These can dent and scratch your floor. And if you live in an apartment building, removing your noisy shoes is the polite thing to do out of consideration for your downstairs neighbors. Walking around with bare feet is actually better for your feet. It strengthens the muscles in your feet. So many people are accustomed to wearing shoes during all their waking hours. The more time you spend wearing shoes, the more likely you are to incur foot injuries as a result. And if people aren’t yet convinced by my arguments, I can give one final reason. The dust and toxic chemicals you bring into your house via your shoes can deteriorate the air quality in your home. Toxic chemicals are everywhere in our lives—insect killing chemicals used on public grass areas, cleaning chemicals on the floors of public areas. By kicking off your shoes before you enter the home, you are denying entry to these harmful chemicals. Given the amount of time we spend in classrooms and the number of shoes that pass through them every day, you may well understand me if I were to propose a NO SHOES in the classroom rule. 16.Why don’t many westerners take off shoes before entering a house? 17.What is the finding of one study by researchers at an American university? 18.What is the final reason the speaker gives for removing shoes before entering a house?讲话者开头提到，很多西方国家的人没有进屋就脱鞋的习惯，紧接着就解释了原因：因为他们觉得进门前把鞋蹭一蹭就可以了，即使鞋上有一点灰尘也不会伤害到任何人。选项C的说法与讲话内容一致，故为正确答案。选项A复述了题干内容，而没有回答背后的原因，属于答非所问，故排除选项A。讲话中提到穿鞋的时间越长，脚受伤的可能性就越大，但得不出他们不脱鞋是怕脚会受伤的结论，故排除选项B。选项D讲话中并未提及，可直接排除。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】原文： While it has long been a practice in Asian countries, many people in Western countries have yet to embrace that no shoes in the house rule. For many in those countries wiping their shoes before going inside is recorded as sufficient. After all, they may think a little dirt doesn’t hurt anyone, but I can give you several good reasons why people should remove their shoes before going inside their homes. Bacteria are everywhere. They collect on your shoes when you walk along sidewalks, public-toilet floors and even office carpets. In one study conducted at an American university, researchers collected microscopic germs from footwear. They found that up to 421,000 units of bacteria can collect on the outside of a single shoe, and it only takes a little bit of dirt to damage your timber floors. The more dirt you track in, the more it scratches and the more often you have to clean. The extra scrubbing will harm your floors over time. Shoes can also leave marks and scratches on floors, especially high heels or shoes with pointy or hard parts. These can dent and scratch your floor. And if you live in an apartment building, removing your noisy shoes is the polite thing to do out of consideration for your downstairs neighbors. Walking around with bare feet is actually better for your feet. It strengthens the muscles in your feet. So many people are accustomed to wearing shoes during all their waking hours. The more time you spend wearing shoes, the more likely you are to incur foot injuries as a result. And if people aren’t yet convinced by my arguments, I can give one final reason. The dust and toxic chemicals you bring into your house via your shoes can deteriorate the air quality in your home. Toxic chemicals are everywhere in our lives—insect killing chemicals used on public grass areas, cleaning chemicals on the floors of public areas. By kicking off your shoes before you enter the home, you are denying entry to these harmful chemicals. Given the amount of time we spend in classrooms and the number of shoes that pass through them every day, you may well understand me if I were to propose a NO SHOES in the classroom rule. 16.Why don’t many westerners take off shoes before entering a house? 17.What is the finding of one study by researchers at an American university? 18.What is the final reason the speaker gives for removing shoes before entering a house?讲话者在讲话中提到，细菌无处不在，不管是人行道、公共厕所的地板还是办公室的地毯上，都有细菌会积聚在你的鞋子上。根据美国一所大学进行的一项研究，仅仅一只鞋的鞋面上就可以聚集多达42. 1万个细菌单位，而且只需要一点点灰尘就能损坏家里的木地板。选项A的说法与讲话内容一致，为正确答案。讲话中提到办公室的地毯、人行道和公共厕所的地板时，只是为了证明细菌无处不在这个论点，并未对细菌数量和细菌种类多少进行对比或描述，故选项B、C、D均可排除。在考试中，考生一定要避免被选项B、C、D这种熟面孔麻痹，选错答案。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】原文： While it has long been a practice in Asian countries, many people in Western countries have yet to embrace that no shoes in the house rule. For many in those countries wiping their shoes before going inside is recorded as sufficient. After all, they may think a little dirt doesn’t hurt anyone, but I can give you several good reasons why people should remove their shoes before going inside their homes. Bacteria are everywhere. They collect on your shoes when you walk along sidewalks, public-toilet floors and even office carpets. In one study conducted at an American university, researchers collected microscopic germs from footwear. They found that up to 421,000 units of bacteria can collect on the outside of a single shoe, and it only takes a little bit of dirt to damage your timber floors. The more dirt you track in, the more it scratches and the more often you have to clean. The extra scrubbing will harm your floors over time. Shoes can also leave marks and scratches on floors, especially high heels or shoes with pointy or hard parts. These can dent and scratch your floor. And if you live in an apartment building, removing your noisy shoes is the polite thing to do out of consideration for your downstairs neighbors. Walking around with bare feet is actually better for your feet. It strengthens the muscles in your feet. So many people are accustomed to wearing shoes during all their waking hours. The more time you spend wearing shoes, the more likely you are to incur foot injuries as a result. And if people aren’t yet convinced by my arguments, I can give one final reason. The dust and toxic chemicals you bring into your house via your shoes can deteriorate the air quality in your home. Toxic chemicals are everywhere in our lives—insect killing chemicals used on public grass areas, cleaning chemicals on the floors of public areas. By kicking off your shoes before you enter the home, you are denying entry to these harmful chemicals. Given the amount of time we spend in classrooms and the number of shoes that pass through them every day, you may well understand me if I were to propose a NO SHOES in the classroom rule. 16.Why don’t many westerners take off shoes before entering a house? 17.What is the finding of one study by researchers at an American university? 18.What is the final reason the speaker gives for removing shoes before entering a house?讲话者在讲话中提到，要是有人还没有被她的论点说服，她就再给出最后一个理由，即通过鞋子带进家里的灰尘和有毒化学物质会使家里的空气质量恶化。选项D的说法与讲话内容一致，为正确答案。讲话者一开始在对进门前应脱鞋的理由进行论述时，确实提到了鞋子也会在地板上留下污渍和划痕，但这不是讲话者给出的最后一个理由，故选项A排除。讲话中并未提到鞋子留下的污渍是否难清除，选项B属于无中生有，故排除。讲话中提到如果住在公寓楼里，出于对楼下邻居考虑的礼貌做法，也应该将会发出噪音的鞋子脱掉，但并未提及鞋子发出的噪音对家庭成员的影响，因此选项C排除。