单选题
The era of cheap and convenient sources of energy is coming to an end. A transition to more expensive but less polluting sources must now be managed. Energy contributes positively to human's well-being by providing such consumer services as heating and lighting. But the costs of energy—including not only the money and other resources devoted to exploiting it but also environmental impacts—diminish the well-being. For most of the past 100 years, the problems of excessive energy costs have seemed less threatening than the problems of insufficient supply. However, it became possible to think that expanding some forms of energy supply could create costs exceeding the benefits as energy was getting costlier in all respects. There are a variety of other energy resources that are more abundant than oil and gas. But none of them can deliver large quantities of electricity at costs comparable to those of the cheap coal-fired plants of the 1960's.
【答案解析】解析: 1.第一段第二句是个被动句,按照汉语表达习惯,通常将英文的被动语态转化成主动语态。A transition to…be managed可译作“设法实现……的转变”,也可将名词transition转译成动词,处理为“设法转向……”。由被动句转换为主动句时,一般需加上主语,此处的主语不明确,且该主语无须刻意强调,故翻译时可省略掉,处理成无主语句:目前必须设法转向……。 2.第二段第二句是一个主从复合句,其中句首的it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式结构to think that…,由于该不定式结构较长,如果按英文原句的句式结构对全句进行对等翻译,处理为“认识到……,成为可能”,容易造成句子“头重脚轻”,也不符合中文的表达习惯。翻译时可将主句(it became possible to think that...)中的表语形容词possible转译成汉语的副词“有可能”,同时增译“人们”作为think的主语,将该主句处理成一个分句,译作“人们有可能认识到”。that所引导的宾语从句较长,宜单独翻译成一个分句,其中谓宾结构could create costs不宜直译为“创造代价”,这句话讲的是扩大某些能源供应的代价可能大于收益,译作“付出的代价”更符合语义逻辑。此外,as引导的时间状语从句译成中文后,宜置于相关事件前,以符合中文的表达习惯。 3.最后一段最后一句中有明显表对比的标志词comparable to,要翻译好这一句,首先得弄清楚比较的对象是什么。根据句子前部的deliver large quantities of electricity可知,本句要比较的内容是“大的发电量”,而依据的标准是“at costs(从成本上看)”。为了更清楚地表达对比之意,宜将对比内容和依据提前,即处理成“用这些资源来大量发电的话,从成本上看,……能相比”。