单选题 Perhaps it was his own lack of adequate schooling that inspired Horace Mann to work so hard to accomplish the important reforms in education. While he was still a boy, his father died, and he had to support his family. Like most of the children in his town, he attended school two or three months a year. Later, with the help of several teachers, he was able to study law and become a member of the Massachusetts bar, but he never forgot those early struggles.
While serving in the Massachusetts legislature, he signed a historic education bill that set up a state board of education. Without regret, he gave up his successful legal practice to become the first secretary of the board. There he exercised an enormous influence during the critical period of reconstruction that brought into existence the American graded elementary school as a substitute for the older district school system. Under his leadership, the curriculum was restructured, the school year was increased to a minimum of six months, and mandatory schooling was extended to age sixteen. Other important reforms that came into existence under Mann's guidance included the establishment of state normal schools for teacher training.
Considered quite {{U}}radical{{/U}} at the time, the Massachusetts reforms later served as a model for the nation's educational system. Mann was formally recognized as the father of public education.
During his lifetime, Horace Mann worked tirelessly to extend educational opportunities to agrarian families and the children of poor laborers. In one of his last speeches he summed up his philosophy of education and life: "Be ashamed to die until you have won some victory for humanity."
单选题 Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
  • A. The Father of American Public Education
  • B. Philosophy of Educational
  • C. Policies of Educational Institutions
  • D. Horace Mann and the Massachusetts State Board of Education
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 本文重心在于介绍Horace Mann对美国的公共教育制度作出的贡献,而A项恰恰点出了他的身份:美国的公共教育制度之父。
单选题 Why does the author mention Horace Mann's early life?
  • A. As an example to show the importance of education.
  • B. To make the biography more complete.
  • C. Because it served as the inspiration for his later work in education.
  • D. In appreciation of the teachers who helped him succeed.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 开篇第一句即点题,由于Horace Mann少年时求学之路的艰辛,促使他萌发了改革教育制度的愿望。
单选题 The word "radical" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.
  • A. equal
  • B. extreme
  • C. excellent
  • D. basic
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 由上下文得知,radical是“激进的,革命性的”之意,因而和extreme(极端的)在表达的程度上有相通之处。
单选题 With which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?
  • A. Horace Mann's influence on American education was very great.
  • B. Horace Mann exerted a small but important influence on American education.
  • C. Few educators fully understood Horace Mann's influence on American education.
  • D. The influence on American education by Horace Mann was not appreciated.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 该题涉及文章对Horace Mann在教育领域工作的评价,他的努力已经得到社会的承认与赞赏。
单选题 The reforms that Horace Mann achieved were ______.
  • A. not very radical for the time
  • B. used only by the state of Massachusetts
  • C. enforced by the Massachusetts bar
  • D. later adopted as a model for the nation's educational system
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] Horace Mann的改革尽管在当时看来有激进之嫌,但逐渐在美国其他各州得以推广,并成为全国教育制度的原型。