【正确答案】对税收函数T
t=β
0+β
1·GDP
t+μ
t,以汽车数量Z作为国内生产总值GDP的工具变量,在EViews软件中,选择“Quick\Estimate Equation”,在出现的对话框中输入“TC GD”,并在下面的Estimate Setting栏的Methods选项中选择“TSLS”(二阶段最小二乘法),再在新出现的对话框中的Instrument list栏内输入“Z”,点中OK按钮得表4-28所示的结果。
表4-28 Dependent Variable:T | | Method:Two-Stage Least Squares | | Included observations:9 | | Instrument list:C Z | Variable | Coefficient | Std.Error | t-Statistic | Prob. | C | 0.905199 | 0.546501 | 1.656354 | 0.1416 | GDP | 0.669725 | 0.074876 | 8.944499 | 0.0000 | R-squared | 0.938650 | Mean dependent var | 5.444444 | Adjusted R-squared | 0.929885 | S.D.dependent var | 2.297341 | S.E.of regression | 0.608318 | Sum squared resid | 2.590354 | F-statistic | 80.00407 | Durbin-Warson star | 1.605439 | Prob(F-statistic) | 0.000044 | | | |
由此知税收函数的估计结果为
T=0.9052+0.6697·GDP
(1.65) (8.94)
R
2=0.9387, F=80.00, D.W.=1.605