阅读理解 Passage 1 Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Don’t think your fat cells won’t notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effect on fat cells, reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term, this decreased response could set the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight gain. The study adds to a growing body of evidence that there’ “an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good, healthy body weight,” says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland. (76) But Americans don’t seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours par night. More than 1 in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average. So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young, thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a night,” says Brady. Then, a month later, they came back for four additional nights——but this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit, researchers got a sample of their fat. (77) Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep. “I was very surprised to be honest,” he says. Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend,” he says. “They’re there to store lipids (血脂).” When lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when you’re exercising or sleeping or going about your day. “However, when fat cells stare to become insulin resistant, the lipids star to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream,” Brady says.

单选题 According to the passage, lack of sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of the following EXCEPT_____.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 第一段最后一句“Over the long-term，this decreased response could set the sage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood),fatty liver disease and weight gain.”。细节题。根据第一段最后一句可知，睡眠缺乏(lack of sleep)从长远来看(over the long term)会造成diabetes，liver disease以及weight gain。只有A选项heart disease没有提到。故选A。

单选题 The main idea of the third paragraph is_____

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 第三段整段。关键在首句“So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annal's paper?”以及此段的第五句和第六句的开头出现的连接词“Then, a month later”“And after each visit”。段落主旨大意题。题目问的是第三段的主题是什么。根据第三段第一句话可以看出这段的主题是研究者们是如何研究脂肪细胞的。之后跳着看各句的开头可以发现，话题并没有转换，而是接着主题句进行此话题的延续，说明研究的进展过程。因此得出结论，第三段讲的是如何实施研究的。故选C。

单选题 What does the “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 由题干定位到最后一段的最后一句“'However, when fat cells start to become insulin resistant, the lipids start to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream, 'Brady says.”。词汇解释题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知，当脂肪细胞对胰岛素没有了回应，那么血脂就会从细胞中渗透出去。A选项leap的意思是“跳”，B选项lead是“带领”，C选项lean意为“倚靠”，D选项leak意思是“渗漏”。故选D。

单选题 Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 此类题型的定位比较繁琐，因为在题干中无法寻找到定位线索词，做题的方法为——从选项入手，找到各个选项的关键词，再分别到原文定位。是非题。根据A选项定位到原文最后一段第一句，与A选项相符。文章第二段的第一句中的“a growing body of evidence”可知关于睡眠与健康体重关系的证据在逐渐增多，因而可推断出，此项研究也是越来越多，与B项意思相符。原文第二段的最后一句话中提到超过五分之一的美NA都睡眠不足，和C选项中的百分之二十相对应。只有D选项文中没有提到，故选D。