Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller 1 , faces practically every company trying to develop new products. There can be little prospect of raising the sum needed from friends, and while banks may agree to provide short-term loan, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a 2 basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to take a share in the business in 3 for a share in future profits. They do this by 4 stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. By doing so they can even put into circulation the 5 savings of individuals and institutions abroad. When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he 6placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to others. Many of the services needed both by industry and by us are provided by the government or by 7authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity etc. , this country could not 8 . All these require 9 spending on new equipment if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government and nationalized industries therefore need to borrow money to 10 major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange. In brief, the Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which the savings can reach those who need financial help.A)continuous I)overseasB)exchange J)permanentC)finance K)precautionD)function L)recallingE)highly M)responsibleF)issuing N)scaleG)local O)securities H)originally