Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative, possessed of insatiable curiosity. Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore, it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth.
Anthropology is one of the social sciences. Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.
Social science disciplines include geography, economics, political science, psychology, and sociology. Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.
All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity. Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis. The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.
【正确答案】
【答案解析】各个时期、各个地区的人都在思考着他们共有的世界,并对自己在其中的位置感到好奇。人类善于思考又富于创造,具有永不满足的好奇心。而且,人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境,从而让所有其他生命形态服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。因此,以冷静而系统的方式研究人类的丰富性和多样性十分重要,因为人们希望这些研究的成果能让人类内部以及人类与地球上其他生命形态之间都能够和睦相处。
人类学是一门社会科学。社会科学是知识探索的一个分支,它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样,用理性的、有序的、系统的和冷静的方式去研究人类及其行为。
社会科学下的学科包括地理学、经济学、政治科学、心理学和社会学。这些社会科学的每个学科中都有一个分支或专业特别接近人类学。
所有社会科学都集中于对人类的研究。人类学是一个以实地研究为宗旨的学科,它大量使用对比分析的方法。强调收集第一手资料,加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文化视角,使得这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。