单选题
A new study found that inner-city kids living in neighborhoods with more green space gained about 13% less weight over a two-year period than kids living amid more concrete and fewer trees. Such【C1】______tell a powerful story. The obesity epidemic began in the 1980s, and many people【C2】______it to increased portion sizes and inactivity, but that can't be everything. Fast foods and TVs have been with us for a long time. "Most experts agree that the changes were【C3】______to something in the environment," says social epidemiologist Thomas Glass of The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. That something could be a【C4】______of the green. The new research,【C5】______in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, isn't the first to associate greenery with better health, but it does get us closer【C6】______identifying what works and why. At its most straightforward, a green neighborhood【C7】______means more places for kids to play—which is【C8】______since time spent outdoors is one of the strongest correlates of children's activity levels. But green space is good for the mind【C9】______: research by environmental psychologists has shown that it has cognitive【C10】______for children with attention-deficit disorder. In one study, just reading【C11】______in a green setting improved kids' symptoms. 【C12】______to grassy areas has also been linked to【C13】______stress and a lower body mass index among adults. And an【C14】______of 3,000 Tokyo residents associated walkable green spaces with greater long life among senior citizens. Glass cautions that most studies don't【C15】______prove a causal link between greenness and health, but they're nonetheless helping spur action. In September the U.S. House of Representatives【C16】______the delightfully named No Child Left Inside Act to encourage public initiatives【C17】______exposing kids to the outdoors. Finding green space is not【C18】______easy, and you may have to work a bit to get your family a little grass and trees. If you live in a suburb or a city with good parks,【C19】______what's there. Your children in particular will love it—and their bodies and minds will be【C20】______to you.
单选题
【C1】
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】解析:名词辨析题。该段首句指出一项新研究的发现(A new study found that…),此处空格填入名词,被空格前的Such修饰,Such一词提示填入的名词应能概括首句的研究结果。D项findings意为“调查结果”,符合上文提及的研究结果。
单选题
【C2】
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】解析:动词辨析题。此处空格后的介词to引出increased portion sizes and inactivity“食物份量增加和缺少运动”,这往往是引起肥胖的原因之一,B项attribute“归因于”与to构成固定搭配attribute…to…“把……归因于……”。填入文中表示“许多人将肥胖症归因于食物份量的增加以及缺少运动”,符合句意。
单选题
【C3】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:动词辨析题。此处填入的词与were构成that从句的谓语,说明changes与something in the environment之间的关系。文章首句便指出“比起那些生活在周围是钢筋混凝土、少有绿色环境的孩子,住在周围充满绿色植物的孩子在2年内体重会少增长13%”,由此可知,这些变化是与环境中的某些东西有关,A项related填入句中构成短语be related to“与……有关”,符合语境。
单选题
【C4】
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】解析:动词辨析题。此处的that something是指上一句的something in the environment,根据该段首句讲到的“住在周围充满绿色植物的孩子们在2年内体重会少增长13%”可推知,此句大概是说肥胖症的流行与环境中缺少绿色植被有关。a shrinking of the green意为“绿色植被的减少”,选D项shrinking“缩减”。
【答案解析】解析:介词搭配题。解答此题关键在于掌握形容词close的常用介词搭配,close后应接介词to。get close to意为“接近”,选C项。
单选题
【C7】
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】解析:副词辨析题。此处对a green neighborhood“绿色社区”下定义,空格处填入副词,修饰谓语means。句首的介词短语At its most straightforward“最简单地说”提示这里只是简要地对“绿色社区”作出解释,B项simply“简单地;仅仅”正好与most straightforward呼应,符合语境。
【答案解析】解析:上下文逻辑关系题。上一句提到绿地对身体健康的影响(one of the strongest correlates of children’s activity levels),此处接着说绿色场所对心智有好处(good for the mind),二者均是讲好处,且空格位于句末,推断应填入能表示并列关系的词,C项too“也”符合语境。
【答案解析】解析:副词辨析题。上文提及“待在户外的时间(time spent outdoors)与孩子们的活动程度紧密相关”,根据这一语境,结合空格后的in a green setting,可知此处是讲的“在户外的草地上读书”,选C项outside“在外面”。
单选题
【C12】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:名词辨析题。上一段出现的a green neighborhood,green space,in a green setting均提及接触绿色环境的好处,这里根据空格后的grassy areas和also一词可断定依旧是讲接触绿色环境的好处,A项Exposure“接触”与to构成词组exposure to…“接触……”,符合句意。
单选题
【C13】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:语义理解题。空白处______stress与后面a lower body mass index为并列关系,二者均是接触草地的好处,既然是好处,那么接触草地应该能缓解压力,C项less填入文中表示“更少的压力”,符合句意。
单选题
【C14】
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】解析:名词辨析题。本句句意为“一项对3000名东京居民的______把可以踩踏的绿地和老人的长寿联系了起来”。上一段在讲述“绿色场所对心智有好处”时,引用了研究结果进行说明,如research by…和In one study。根据这一论述方式,推断此处选D项analysis“分析”最为合适。
【答案解析】解析:动词辨析题。空格前为the U.S. House of Representatives“美国众议院”,空格后为No Child Left Inside Act这项法案,故应填入谓语动词。根据目的状语to encourage…“以鼓励……”可推知众议院是肯定法案的,D项approved“批准”填入文中表示“美国众议院通过一项法案”,符合语境。
单选题
【C17】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:动词词组辨析题。根据空格前的No Child Left Inside Act(《不留孩子在室内法案》),可推测该法案所鼓励的公众行为应该是以“将孩子们带到户外”为目的。因此选C项aimed at“以……为目的”。
单选题
【C18】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:副词辨析题。根据and后面的may have to work a bit“可能得做点什么”,可知找到绿色环境“不一定”容易,A项填入文中构成词组not always“不一定”,符合句意。