阅读理解 Passage 1 The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be ―all things to all people. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, ―the nation’s colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials (文凭) than in providing a quality education for their students. ―The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping an integrated core of common learning. Such a core would introduce students to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus. Although the key to a good college is a high-quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed: ―Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most. Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicated themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure (终身任期), promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculties say their interests lie more in teaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that ―There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications.

单选题 When a college tries to be ―all things to al people (Lines 1-2, Para. 1) it aims to __________ .

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 细节推理题。根据原文首段的内容可知，卡耐基财团的报告对many colleges采取all things to all people的做法是不赞同的。由此判定答案在原文首段第四句，原文中的too many academic fields与选项C中的as many courses as possible对应。故答案为C。选项A、B、D均是卡耐基财团的报告提出的建议。

单选题 By saying that ―in too many academic fields, the work has no context(Lines 4-5, Pare. 1) the author means that the teaching in these areas __________ .

单选题 One of the reasons for the current crisis in American colleges and universities is that __________ .

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 细节推理题。根据题干关键词current crisis与原文首段第二句failing to对应，进行定位。原文中的a narrow与选项A重现；minded careerism与选项A中的vocationalism对应；increasingly catered to与选项A中的come to dominate对应。故答案为A。选项C与原文首段第四句表述的内容不符，skills，rather than being means，have become ends(技能变成了目的，而不是手段)。选项B和D提到是colleges and universities存在的问题，而不是原因，故排除。

单选题 American colleges and universities failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates because __________ .

单选题 It can be inferred from the passage that high-quality college education calls for __________ .

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节推断题。原文首段尾句是报告得出的关于学校应该向学生做什么的结论...introduce students to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines...to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus这些内容都是学校应该向学生做出的承诺。原文尾段首句提出most colleges在鼓励good teaching方面做得很少，故good teaching应该也是high-quality cortege education应该具备的，与选项B中的effective teaching对应。故答案为B。