【正确答案】Examinations
Testing students by examinations has always been regarded as the only reliable method to measure students' level. From primary schools to universities, students have to take so many examinations that they view examinations as an indispensable part of their learning.
Teachers always rely on the results of examinations to check the achievements of students' learning and their teaching as well.
Whether this method is fair or not to the students needs to be studied further. Students who get high scores are not necessarily those who have creativity and flexibility in dealing with various problems. Meanwhile, students who distinguish themselves in one special field may not get scores high'enough to be qualified for a key university. So, in recent years, more and more people have begun to doubt the reliability of examinations.
However, it is not easy to abolish examinations and it is even more difficult to improve them. So far, no one has found a better way to check students' achievements in learning and to select qualified students for various purposes. What's more, testing has such a strong washback effect on teaching that sometimes both teachers and students are strongly against any slight changes or even improvements in examinations.