【正确答案】2. "Fraud" is not a word that most people associate with science. One reason why science is so respected these days is that the image of the scientist is of one who dispassionately collects data in an impartial search for truth. In any debate--over intelligence, schooling, bias, energy the phrase "science says” usually crushes the opposition.
But science has long acknowledged the existence of a "fraud factor" --the tendency of many scientists to give a helpful touch to the data to produce desired results. The same tendency is observable in almost every controversial area--the fight over race and intelligence, the argument about nuclear energy, and so on.
Therefore, we should listen to what science has to say and give our credence with skepticism.