单选题 .  According to one definition, the word "supplement" means "something added to complete a thing, to extend or strengthen the whole."
    Supplements can be very beneficial but you must be careful because, like any drug, all supplements pose potential risks. Before you start taking any, check with your doctor first.
    A supplement may be natural but that doesn't mean taking it is completely without risk. Many, if not all, supplements have the potential to interact with prescription or over-the-counter drugs, cause harmful side effects if taken inappropriately, or even make existing medical conditions worse. That's why it's critical that you tell your health care providers about any supplements you take. In a University of Michigan study one-third of the patients taking supplements were using ones that could interact with their heart medications. Be especially cautious if you're taking blood-thinning medication like aspirin, Coumadin (warfarin), or Plavix (clopidogrel); many supplements, such as ginkgo biloba (银杏), ginseng (人参), garlic, vitamine, fish oil, and coenzyme (辅酶) Q10, also have blood-thinning properties, and the combined effect could lead to dangerous bleeding.
    Also, the label may say "natural" but that doesn't mean the supplements are any safer than medicinal drugs. They still include chemicals that have an effect on your body; that's why they work. So don't exceed the recommended dose, and don't take any supplement longer than advised. If you are pregnant or nursing, be doubly sure to check with your doctor before taking any supplements.
    In the next few years you're bound to hear more and more about natural alternatives for lowering cholesterol and protecting the heart. But before you jump on any bandwagons (花车), take heed: No supplement is a substitute for the lifestyle changes, particularly good eating habits. The fact is that scientists will probably never be able to duplicate (复制) the complex effects and myriad health benefits of foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains with a pill. And of course, lowering your cholesterol with supplements while eating steak and ice cream with abandon, or taking hawthorn (山楂) or CoQ10 to lower your blood pressure while doing nothing to relieve the stress caused by your nerve-racking job, won't do your heart or your arteries (动脉) much good in the end.1.  According to the passage, which one belongs to supplements? ______
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】 “补充物”一词的定义之一就是“使某一事物完整或使整体得到扩展或强化的添加物”。
   补充物可能会非常有益,但是你必须小心,因为所有补充物都像药物一样,具有潜在的风险。在吃任何补充物之前要先咨询一下你的医生。
   补充物可能是天然的,但那并不意味着吃下它完全没有危险。即便不是全部,也有许多补充物可能与处方药或非处方药相互作用。如果服用不当,会产生有害的副作用,甚至会使当前的治疗状况变得更糟。这就是告诉你的保健医师所有你正在服用的补充物之所以重要的原因。在密歇根大学的一项研究中,服用补充物的病人中有三分之一正在使用会与他们的心脏疾病治疗药物互相作用的补充物。如果你正在服用稀释血液的药物,如阿司匹林、香豆素(华法林)或波立维(氯吡格雷),一定要特别小心,因为许多补充物如银杏、人参、大蒜、维生素E、鱼油及辅酶Q10等也有稀释血液的作用,一起服用的话可能会导致危险性出血。
   同样,标签上也许注明“天然”,但这不意味着该补充物就比药物更加安全。补充物中仍然含有全对你的身体产生影响的化学成分,这也是它们起作用的原因。因此,服用补充物的量不要超过建议用量,服用的时间也不要超过建议时间。如果你正怀孕或者处于哺乳期,在服用任何补充物之前一定要与医生反复确认。
   在未来的几年中,你肯定会听说越来越多的关于降低胆固醇、保护心脏的天然替代品。但是在你追随任何潮流之前一定要注意:没有什么补充物能代替生活方式的改变,特别是良好的饮食习惯。事实是,科学家们可能永远无法只用一粒药丸来复制像水果、蔬菜、粗粮等食品给健康带来的大量好处及复杂效果。当然,如果一边放纵地吃着牛排和冰激凌一边用补充物降低胆固醇,或者在吃山楂或辅酶Q10降血压的同时并不做点什么来释放令你焦虑不安的工作带来的压力,最终可能并不会给你的心脏和动脉带来什么好处。
   【说明文:补充物】
   第1段:通过下定义的方式引出要说明的事物——补充物。
   第2段:补充物像药物一样,具有潜在的风险。
   第3段:补充物可能与药物相互作用,产生副作用,甚至使当前的治疗状况变得更糟。
   第4段:“天然”补充物也含有会对身体产生影响的化学成分,因此服用之前要小心。
   第5段:吃补充物不如改变生活方式,开始健康饮食。
   本题没有明显的定位词,很难界定出题范围,但根据出题顺序与文章顺序基本一致的原则,答案应在文章开始部分。
   本题问的是选项中哪个是补充物。文章第一段是补充物的定义,“使某一事物完整或使整体得到扩展或强化的添加物”,由此可知只有C“维生素”是补充物。其他三项中,A项是人类生存不可或缺的物质,B、D两项都是天然的、可直接食用的,所以本题比较容易选出正确答案C。