【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[听力原文]
President Robert Mugabe, who has ruled Zimbabwe with an iron fist for nearly three decades, faces his toughest challenge yet in this weekend's general elections. Voters go to the polls Saturday in simultaneous presidential, parliamentary, senate and council elections. Mugabe faces three opposition candidates, two of whom have a good chance of winning. Zimbabweans are the poorest they have ever been since the nation became a democracy. [6]Unemployment is estimated at around 80 percent, inflation is more than 100,000 percent, and hundreds of thousands are fleeing the country to earn more elsewhere than they would back home. Mugabe has been in office since the country, then called Rhodesia, gained independence from Britain in 1980. He was once respected as a liberation hero, but observers now criticize him for repressive tactics and corruption, and blame him for the country's dire economic state. In what critics labeled a vote-buying exercise, Mugabe recently increased the salaries of the police, army and teachers and also handed out machinery to black farmers. Zimbabwean officials deny the moves had anything to do with the election.
背景罗伯特·加布里埃尔·穆加贝(Robert Gabriel Mugabe)：津巴布韦总统，是著名的国际事务活动家，曾担任不结盟运动首脑会议主席、英联邦国家首脑会议主席和南部非洲前线国家主席，并获1989年度理解尼赫鲁奖。iron fist比喻强大的打击力量、铁腕统治。
解析]新闻提到，津巴布韦失业率估计高达80%，通货膨胀超过100000%，可见目前该国饱受通膨和失业困扰，因此B为正确答案。
[点睛] 事实细节题。根据新闻内容，津巴布韦1980年摆脱英国统治取得独立，而不是摆脱美国统治，故A错误；有成千上万人从津巴。布韦逃往其他国家谋生，而不是从其他国家逃往津巴布韦，故C错误；穆加贝统治津巴布韦将近30年，而不是20年，故D错误。