单选题Directions:This task is the same as Task 1. The 5
questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45. It is common to think of learning as something that takes
place in school, but much of human learning occurs outside the classroom, and
people continue to learn throughout their lives. Even before
they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands
to make toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn
about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn
how to interact with their parents, friends, and other people important to their
world. When they enter school, children learn basic academic
subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics. They also continue to learn
a great deal outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be
rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for
interacting with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to
adapt to the many major changes that affect their lives, such as getting
married, raising children, kind finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we
do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need
to understand the best ways to educate children. People need to understand how
certain experiences change their behaviors. Employers, politicians, and
advertisers make use of the principles of learning to influence the behavior of
workers, voters, and consumers. Learning is closely related to
memory, which is the storage of information in the brain. Psychologists who
study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this
storage takes place, and how the brain later retrieves knowledge when we need
it. In contrast, psychologists who study learning are more interested in
behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person's experiences.
单选题
From the first paragraph, we know learning takes place ______.
A. in school
B. outside the classroom
C. throughout their lives
D. in school, outside the classroom and throughout their lives
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】根据文章第一段这句话来做，“It is common to think of learning as something that takes place in school，but much of human learning occurs outside the classroom，and people continue to learn throughout their lives.”即人们一般认为学习发生在学校里，但是实际上大多数人类的学习发生在校外，并且人们一生中都在学习。这句话就很明显的告诉了答案。
单选题
In the sentence "They learn how to interact with their parents,
friends, and other people important to their world." The word "interact" means
A. react
B. study from each other
C. act on each other
D. learn from
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】interact相互反应，所以选C项。
单选题
From the sentence "They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded
and which are likely to be punished. ", we can induce that ______.
A. they learn how to get reward
B. they learn how to avoid punishment
C. they learn how to behave properly
D. they learn the knowledge of society
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】
单选题
Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?
A. After they finish school, people must learn to be suitable to the many
major changes that affect their lives.
B. Parents need to understand the best ways to educate children.
C. People need to understand how certain experiences change their
behaviors.
D. Employees make use of the principles of learning to influence the
behavior of employers.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】这里“employees”和“employers”的位置放反了。
单选题
In the last paragraph, the author tries to tell us ______.
A. learning is closely related to memory
B. psychologists are interested in the brain
C. psychologists are more interested in behavior
D. the relationship between learning, brain and behaviorc